TABLE 6.

Detection of Priority Populations for HIV and HSV-2^* Testing Using a Screening Tool Composed of Sexual Risk and Injection Drug Indicators Alone Versus Sexual Risk and Injection Drug Indicators Plus Indicators of Older Age, Non-IDU, and Incarceration^† (Networks, Norms, and HIV Risk Among Youth, Brooklyn, NY, 2002–2004) (n = 186)^‡

Screening Tools	Screening for HIV Priority Populations			Screening for of HSV-2 Priority Populations
	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Prevalence of Population Identified for HIV Testing (%)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	Prevalence of Population Identified for HSV-2 Testing (%)
“CDC Screener” (based on sexual risk and IDU exposure indicators only)§	57	53	48	53	66	47
“CDC screener” plus indicator of respondent age ≥25 years	95	32	71	81	50	71
“CDC screener” plus indicators of respondent Age ≥25 years and recent sex with a partner who was ≥25 years	100	27	75	85	45	76
“CDC screener” plus indicator of respondent age ≥25 years, recent sex with a partner who was ≥25 years, respondent incarceration history, and respondent non-IDU history	100	18	84	90	30	84

^*We defined priority populations for HIV testing as individuals who were HIV infected or who had sex in the past 3 months with an HIV-infected partner and priority populations for HSV-2 testing as individuals who were infected with HSV-2 or who had sex in the past 3 months with a partner who was infected with HSV-2.

^†The sensitivity and specificity of each screening tool for identification of HIV or HSV-2 priority populations were calculated compared with the gold standard, the actual size of the priority populations determined by HIV and HSV-2 testing during the study. For HIV screening, the number of individuals identified by the screening tool was compared with the number of individuals with biologically confirmed HIV infection and/or who had a sex partner in the past 3 months with biologically confirmed HIV infection. For HSV-2 screening, the number of individuals identified by the screening tool was compared with the number of individuals with biologically confirmed HIV infection and/or who had a sex partner in the past 3 months with biologically confirmed HIV infection.

^‡The analytic sample excluded IDUs and men who have had sex with at least 1 male sex partner (MSM). Because IDU and MSM populations are already routinely identified as high-risk populations for STI/HIV screening, we wished to assess the performance of the screening tools in additional risk populations.

^§The “CDC Screener” was based on the CDC indicators of high-risk populations we measured in the NNAHRAY questionnaire, excluding history of IDU and MSM. The indicators included: respondent perception that a sex partner had an IDU history, respondent report of exchange of sex for drugs or money in the past year, and respondent history of multiple partnerships in the past 3 months. (Respondent perception of whether a recent sex partner had multiple sexual partners, a CDC-recommended indicator of high-risk populations, was not assessed during NNAHRAY and hence was not included in the “CDC Screener”.)