Table 2.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using various energy devices
| Author/ Timeline | Number of Cases | Energy source Used | Mean Operating Time (Minutes) | Mean Hospital Stay | Mean Recovery Time (Days) | Complications | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bile duct injury | Bile leak | Conversion to open surgery | Death | ||||||
| Peters et al. [143] 1990 | 100 | Electrosurgery and Neyodenum: yag Laser (first 30 patients | 85.27 ± 39 | 27.6 hours | 12.8±6.8 | 1 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 4 (4%) | |
| Huscher et al. [138] 1999 | 461 | Group 1: Ultracision HS (331 patients), Group 2: Ultracision HS and Endoloop (130 patients) | Group 1: 76.8 Group 2: 97.5 |
Group 1: 4.268 days Group 2: 5.05 days |
1 (0.32%) | 10 (2.17 %) | 4 (0.87 %) | 11 (0.21 %) | |
| Redwan et al. [139] 2008–2009 | 160 | Group 1: Harmonic Shears (HS) (80 patients) Group 2: Clip and Electrosurgery (C&E, 80 patients) |
Group 1: 16.8±6.8 Group 2: 44.01±6.47 |
Group 1: 1.0 ±0.0 days Group 2: 1.53±0.51 days |
Group 1: 8 (10 %) Group 2: 11 (13 %0 | ||||
| Kandil et al. [144] 2008 | 140 | Group 1: Clip and Electrosurgery (C &E, 70 patients) Group 2: Harmonic Scalpel (HS) |
Group 1: 51.7±13.79 Group 2: 33.21±9.6 |
Group 1:26.95 ±8.94 hours Group 2: 23.44±2.29 hours |
Group 1: 2 (2.9 %) | Group 1: 2 (2.9 %) | |||
| Tsimoyiannis et al. [145] 1997 | 200 | Group 1: Monopolar electrosurgery(100 patients) Group 2: Ultrasonically Activated Shears (UAS) (100 patients |
Group 1: 45±7 Group 2: 37±9 |
Group1: 1.9 ±0.5 days Group 2: 1.4±0.2 days |
Group 1: 3 (3 %) | ||||
| Edelman at al. [27] 1993 | 80 | Group 1: Monopolar Electrosurgery Scissors (MEC) (40 patients) Group 2: Bipolar Electrosurgery Scissors (BEC) (40 patients) |
Group 1: 56.9 Group 2: 55.6 |
Group 1 1.4 days Group 2: 1.1 days |
Group 1: 1 (2.5 %) | ||||
| Janssen et al. [51] 1998–2000 | 200 | Group 1: Harmonic Scalpel (Ultracision, UC) (96 patients) Group2: Electrosurgery(ES) (103 patients) |
Group 1: 60.0 (median) Group 2: 65.0 (median) |
Group 1: 1.9 ±0.5 days Group 2: 1.4±0.2 days |
Group 1: 15 (16 %) Group 2: 51 (50 %) |
||||
| Lane et al. [146] 1991 | 641 | Group1: (KTP/532) laser (199 patients) Group2: Monopolar Electrosurgery (MES) (442 patients) |
Group1: 69.8 Group 2: 111.8 |
Group 1: 1.4 ±0.06 days Group 2: 1.7 ±0.08 days |
Group 2: 4 (0.9 %) | Group 1: 2 (1%) Group 2: 0 (2.3 %) |
|||
| Bordelon et al. [147] 1990–1991 | 103 | Group1: Nd:YAG laser (52 patients) Group2: Monopolar Electrosurgery (MES) (51 patients) |
Group 1: 23.6±9.56 Group 2: 19.2±8.8 |
Group 1: 15 28.84%) Group 2: 8 (15.68 %) |
Group 1: 2 (1.92 %) Group 2: 1 (1.96) |
||||
| El Nakeeb et al. [148] 2008–2009 | 120 | Group1: Harmonic shears (HS) (60 patients) Group2: Clip and Electrosurgery(C&E) (60 patients) |
Group 1: 45.17±10.54 Group 2: 69.71±13.01 |
Group 1: 1 (1.6 %) Group 2: 2 (3.3 %) |
Group 1: 2 (3.3 %) Group 2: 3 (5 %) |
||||
| Amaral et al. [149] 1991–1992 | 200 | Ultrasonically scalpel (UAS)activated | 49.7±1.5 (without cholangigraphy) 61.4±2.0 (with cholangigraphy) |
1.4 ±0.1 days | 1 (0.5 %) | ||||
| Southern Surgeons Club [150] 1990 | 1518 | KTP laser (314 patients) Nd: YAG laser (127 patients) Electosurgery (1077 patients) |
90.0 | 7 (0.46 %) | 72 (4.7 %) | 1 (0.07%) | |||
| Kurauchi et al. [151] 1991–1993 | 1408 | Type of modality mentioned not | 12 (0.9 %) | 5 (0.3 %) | 84 (6 %) | ||||