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. 2013 Aug 13;2013:936257. doi: 10.1155/2013/936257

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Costunolide inhibits TNFα-induced MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion. (a) Structure of costunolide. (b) MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded and scratched. Treatment with costunolide for 24 hours and counted. *P < 0.05. (c) MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded on the upper chambers and treated with costunolide in 0% serum. Low chamber filed with 10% serum. *P < 0.05. (d) Pretreated with costunolide for 1 hour and then exposed to TNFα for 24 hours. Cell migration was determined by counting numbers of cells migrated from the wound healing region. *P < 0.05. (e) MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded on the upper chambers and treated with costunolide. Low chamber filed with TNFα. *P < 0.001.