Table 2.
Results of Regression Analyses for Fast Track Project Economic Outcomes
| Measure | Source | Model type | Overall impact (pooled estimate) | Interpretation | Significant subgroup intervention effects (and empirical Bayes point estimate) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health and Mental Health Services | |||||
| Whether used inpatient services | Parent | L | 0.08 | N/A | None |
| Whether used outpatient services | Parent | L | −0.077 | N/A | None |
| Whether received mental health services from a general health provider | Parent | L | −0.344** | Reduced likelihood of MH services from a GH provider | PML (−0.51) PFH (−0.56) |
| Whether used general health service | Parent | L | −0.171* | Reduced likelihood of general health services | NFL (−0.27) |
| Number of inpatient services | Parent | N | 0.316# | Increased use of inpatient services | NML (.90) NFH (.94) PFH (.65) |
| Number of outpatient services | Parent | N | −0.122 | N/A | NML (−0.39) NMH (−0.40) PML (−0.31) |
| Whether used inpatient mental health services (years 10–13) | Parent | L | 0.046 | N/A | None |
| Number of inpatient mental health services (years 10–13) | Parent | N | 0.116 | N/A | NML (0.87) |
| Whether used outpatient mental health services (years 10–13) | Parent | L | −0.250** | Reduced likelihood of outpatient MH services | WMH(−0.88) |
| Number of outpatient mental health services (years 10–13) | Parent | N | −0.210** | Reduced number of outpatient MH services | PMH (−0.41) |
| Number of mental health services through general health providers | Parent | N | −0.336 | N/A | NML (−1.07) PML(−0.98) WML(−1.28) PFH(−1.48) |
| Number of general health services | Parent | N | −0.160** | Reduced use of general health services | DMH(−0.74) WFL(−0.26) NML(−0.29) PFH (−0.33) NMH (−0.26) |
| Whether outpatient MH services (in past 2 years) | Youth | L | −0.357** | Reduced use of outpatient MH services | None |
| Whether inpatient MH services (in past 2 years) | Youth | L | −0.272 | N/A | None |
| Whether medication for behavior/attn | Parent | L | 0.127 | N/A | DFL(0.97) DML(1.19) PFH (−0.67) DMH(0.58) |
| Delinquency and involvement in Juvenile Justice System | |||||
| Number of severe crimes (through year 13)^ | Court | N | 0.103 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Number of crimes including less severe offenses (through year 13) | Court | N | −0.113 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Whether severe crime (through year 13)^ | Court | L | −0.004 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Whether any crime including less severe offenses (through year 13) | Court | L | −0.234 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Whether ever in jail^ | Court | L | −0.460# | Reduced likelihood of being in jail | None |
| Records | |||||
| Age at first crime committed (severe crime) | Court | S | −0.092 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Age at first crime committed (any crime) | Court | S | −0.122 | N/A | None |
| Records | |||||
| Number of arrests in past year^ | Parent | N | 0.019 | N/A | DH(−0.70) |
| Number of court appearances in past year^ | Parent | N | 0.12 | N/A | NL(0.48) DH(−0.58) WH(0.41) |
| Number of police contacts in past year | Parent | N | 0.194 | N/A | PFL(1.0) PFH(0.85) DMH(−0.59) |
| Number of nights in detention center in past year^ | Parent | N | 0.089 | N/A | DH(−0.40) PH(−0.47) |
| Whether arrested in past year^ | Parent | L | 0.057 | N/A | None |
| Whether court appearance in past year^ | Parent | L | 0.153 | N/A | None |
| Whether police contacts in past year | Parent | L | −0.051 | N/A | None |
| Whether spent time in detention center^ | Parent | L | −0.012 | N/A | None |
| Were you found guilty or convicted of any crime?^ | Youth | L | −0.11 | N/A | None |
| Number of arrests in past year^ | Youth | N | −0.318** | Decreased number of arrests | PH(−0.45) |
| Number of court appearances in past year^ | Youth | N | −0.211 | N/A | NL(−0.38) PH(−0.52) |
| Number of police contacts in past year | Youth | N | 0.178 | N/A | PML(0.84) |
| Number of nights in detention center in past year^ | Youth | N | −0.002 | N/A | PH(−0.47) |
| Whether arrested in past year^ | Youth | L | −0.103 | N/A | None |
| Whether count appearance in past year^ | Youth | L | −0.134 | N/A | None |
| Whether police contacts in past year | Youth | L | 0.049 | N/A | None |
| Whether spent time in detention center^ | Youth | L | −0.029 | N/A | None |
| Count of antisocial behaviors | Youth | N | −0.067 | N/A | DFL(−0.50) NFL(0.32) DML(0.27) PML (−0.52) WML(0.46) PMH(−0.51) |
| Whether antisocial behavior | Youth | L | −0.181** | Decreased likelihood of anti-social behavior | PML(−0.46) |
| School Failure/School services | |||||
| Whether repeated a grade | School Records | L | 0.112 | N/A | None |
| Whether special education services | School Records | L | 0.107 | N/A | DFL(−0.96) PML(1.06) PFH(0.78) WFH(0.48) |
| Whether graduated from high school | School Records | L | 0.211 | N/A | None |
| Time until repeating a grade | School Records | S | 0.015 | N/A | None |
| Time until requiring special education services | School Records | S | 0.129 | N/A | None |
| Substance Abuse | |||||
| Number of days smoked in past month | Youth | N | −0.045 | N/A | PFH(0.63) |
| Number of days very drunk in past month | Youth | N | 0.117 | N/A | None |
| Number of times use marijuana in past month | Youth | N | 0 | N/A | DML(0.53) |
| Substance Abuse (ParentDailyReport) | Parent | N | −0.112 | N/A | PML(0.34) DMH(−0.47) WMH(−0.39) |
| Financial Assistance | |||||
| Amount of public assistance dollars received (years 7–12) | Parent | N | 2.28 | N/A | None |
| Whether public assistance dollars received (years 7–12) | Parent | N | −0.013 | N/A | None |
| Amount of public assistance dollars received (year 13) | Youth | N | 0.54 | N/A | None |
| Whether public assistance dollars received (year 13) | Youth | N | 0.063 | N/A | None |
Note: N = Negative binomial regression; L = Logistic regression; S = Survival models
Initials for sub-group: D = Durham; N = Nashville; P = Penn; W = Wash; F = Female; M = Male; H = Higher Risk; L = Lower Risk
Statistical significance:
#
p<.10 /
*
p<.05 /
**
p<.01
^
Tests done on eight study sub-groups