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Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating effects of dyspnea assessed by the transition dyspnea index. Each block represents a study and the area of each block is proportional to the precision of the mean treatment effect in that study. The horizontal line represents each study’s 95% confidence interval (CI) for the treatment effect. The center of the diamond is the average treatment effect across studies, and the width of the diamond denotes its 95% CI.
