Table 3.
Estimates of severity and discrimination from item response theory models of alcohol, cannabis, cocaine and heroin, excluding legal problems and including craving. Rank indicates lowest to highest severity across all criteria within substance.
| Alcohol |
Cannabis |
Cocaine |
Heroin |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank | Severity | Discrimination | Rank | Severity | Discrimination | Rank | Severity | Discrimination | Rank | Severity | Discrimination | |
| Dependence criteria | ||||||||||||
| Quit/control | 1 | −0.05 | 3.87 | 4 | 0.82 | 2.49 | 1 | −0.62 | 2.99 | 1 | −0.81 | 3.98 |
| Larger/longer | 2 | −0.03 | 4.66 | 5 | 0.85 | 3.42 | 3 | −0.31 | 6.18 | 3 | −0.48 | 3.26 |
| Tolerance | 4 | 0.06 | 3.46 | 7 | 1.00 | 2.74 | 8 | 0.12 | 2.40 | 4 | −0.47 | 3.98 |
| Activity given up | 5 | 0.13 | 4.48 | 6 | 0.90 | 4.42 | 5 | −0.15 | 5.76 | 7 | −0.22 | 4.06 |
| Physical/psychological | 6 | 0.15 | 4.14 | 8 | 1.10 | 2.64 | 4 | −0.23 | 3.66 | 8 | −0.18 | 2.76 |
| Time spent | 8 | 0.29 | 4.11 | 2 | 0.76 | 3.81 | 6 | −0.03 | 5.78 | 6 | −0.28 | 5.39 |
| Withdrawal | 10 | 0.41 | 4.28 | NA | NA | 7 | 0.06 | 3.26 | 5 | −0.32 | 5.35 | |
| Abuse criteria | ||||||||||||
| Social/interpersonal | 7 | 0.29 | 3.13 | 10 | 1.55 | 2.1 | 10 | 0.27 | 2.32 | 10 | 0.26 | 2.63 |
| Neglect roles | 9 | 0.33 | 4.03 | 9 | 1.28 | 2.56 | 9 | 0.19 | 3.26 | 9 | 0.18 | 2.03 |
| Hazardous use | 11 | 0.97 | 1.40 | 3 | 0.79 | 1.61 | 11 | 1.13 | 1.09 | 11 | 0.87 | 1.11 |
| Additional criteria | ||||||||||||
| Craving | 3 | 0.01 | 3.66 | 1 | 0.76 | 3.28 | 2 | −0.34 | 3.34 | 2 | −0.52 | 4.35 |