. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Aug 29.

Published in final edited form as: Proc Nutr Soc. 2012 Oct 25;72(1):153–159. doi: 10.1017/S0029665112002741

Table 1.

Summary of studies evaluating nutrition-related changes following genetic risk assessment

Reference	Condition	Study population	Lifestyle behaviours assessed	Assessment time points	Findings
O’Neill et al.⁽²⁾	BC	115 women with family or personal history of BC receiving BRCA1/2 screening	Diet; Physical activity	Baseline^*, 3 months and 6 months	No differences in diet, physical activity in BRCA 1/2+ v. BRCA1/2 – women
Quach et al.⁽³⁾	BC	120 Ashkenazi Jewish individuals with family or personal history of BC receiving BRCA1/2 screening	Diet; Physical activity;	Baseline, 6 months	No difference in diet or exercise behaviours
Marteau et al.⁽⁴⁾	FH	341 families with a history of FH randomised to receive risk information for FH with or without genetic assessment	Diet; Physical activity; Medications; Smoking	Baseline, 1 week, 6 months	No difference in diet, physical activity, smoking, or medication use between groups at 6 month follow up
Chao et al.⁽⁵⁾	AD	162 adults with a family history of AD receiving risk assessment for AD (with and without apoE disclosure)	Composite variable that included any change in diet, exercise, vitamins and medications	Baseline, 12 months	Adults who were underwent genotype disclosure and learned they had the high-risk allele were more likely to report AD-related lifestyle behaviour changes than those who were apoEe4 negative
Vernarelli et al.⁽⁶⁾	AD	272 adults with a family history of AD receiving apoE genotype disclosure	Diet; Physical activity Dietary supplement use; Medication use	Baseline, 6 weeks	Adults who learned they had the high-risk allele were more likely to report changes in dietary supplement use than those who were apoEe4 negative
Hendershot⁽⁷⁾	Cancer (alcohol-related, e.g. oesophageal)	200 Asian college students randomised to receive risk information for increased cancer risk with and without genotype disclosure	Alcohol consumption	Baseline, 1 month	Subjects who learned they were at increased genetic risk for alcohol-related cancers reported significant decrease in alcohol consumption from baseline to 1 month
Taylor & Wu⁽⁸⁾	Hypertension	98 African–Amercian women undergoing genetic risk assessment for hypertension	Diet (sodium, potassium intake); Physical activity; BMI	Baseline, 6 months	Women at risk for hypertension reported increased physical activity, though finding was NS.

FH, familial hypercholesterolemia; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; BC breast cancer.

For each study, ‘baseline’ refers to a time point pre-genotype disclosure.