Table 1.
Kinetic Constants for Ethanol Oxidation by Human Alcohol Dehydrogenases1
| Gene (Enzyme) | KM (mM) | Vmax (min−1) | % liver contribution2 at 22 mM ethanol3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADH1A (αα) | 4 | 20 | 8.1 |
| ADH1B*1 (ADH1B-Arg48Arg370; β1β1) | 0.05 | 4 | 21.8 |
| ADH1B*2 (ADH1B-His48Arg370; β2β2) | 0.9 | 350 | −2 |
| ADH1B*3 (ADH1B-Arg48Cys370; β3β3) | 40 | 300 | −2 |
| ADH1C*1 (ADH1C-Arg272, Ile350; γ1γ1) | 1 | 90 | 41.5 |
| ADH1C*2 (ADH1C-Gln272, Val350; γ2γ2) | 0.6 | 40 | −2 |
| ADH4 (ππ) | 30 | 20 | 28.6 |
| ADH5 (χχ) | >1,000 | 100 | <1 |
| ADH7 (σσ) | 30 | 1800 | <1 |
1
Data from Hurley, Edenberg and Li, 2002.
2
Calculated for an individual homozygous for both ADH1B*1 and ADH1C*1; expression data for polymorphic ADH variants are uncertain.
3
22.7 mM corresponds to a blood alcohol concentration of 100 mg/dL