Table 1.
Model Parameters
| Symbol | Description | Dimensional value |
|---|---|---|
| aDL | Proximal tubule and descending limb compliance | 0.45 × 10−5 cm·mmHg−1 [28,33,42] |
| aTAL | TAL compliance | 0.266 × 10−5cm·mmHg−1 [28,33,42] |
| β0 | Initial boundary value for β0,1(x) | 8.843 μm |
| β1 | End boundary value for β0,1(x) | 5.43 μm |
| β2 | End boundary value for β1,2(x) | 9.98 μm |
| β3 | End boundary value for β2,3(x) | 6.55 μm |
| Ce,o | Interstitial Cl− concentration at the upper cortex | 150 mM [26] |
| Ce,1 | Interstitial Cl− concentration at the loop bend | 275 mM [10] |
| Co | Cl− concentration at proximal tubule entrance | 160 mM |
| Cop | Steady-state Cl− concentration at MD | 32 mM [34] |
| KM | Michaelis constant | 70 mM [9] |
| L0 | Total length of model nephron | 2.5 cm |
| L | Length of TAL or proximal tubule and descending limb | 0.5 cm [37] |
| LC | Length of the proximal convoluted tubule or the cortical TAL | 0.3 cm |
| LD | Length of the short descending limb or the medullary TAL | 0.2 cm |
| xω | Position where the water-impermeable segment of the descending limb starts | 0.42 cm [36] |
| ad | Position where the unpressurized radius begins to decrease after the MD | 1.25 cm |
| Pe | Extratubular (steady-state) pressure | 5.0 mmHg [17,29] |
| P̄o | Steady-state inflow pressure at the proximal tubule | 13.0 mmHg [42] |
| P1 | Pressure at end of nephron | 2.0 mmHg [1,7,8] |
| κPCT | Proximal convoluted tubule Cl− permeability for 0 ≤ x ≤ LC | 20.0 × 10−5 cm·s−1 [38] |
| κPST | Proximal straight tubule Cl− permeability for LC ≤ x ≤ xω | 10.0 × 10−5 cm·s−1 [39] |
| κDL | Descending limb Cl− permeability for xω ≤ x ≤ L | 1.5 × 10−5 cm·s−1 [31] |
| κTAL | TAL Cl− permeability for L ≤ x ≤ 2L | 1.5 × 10−5 cm·s−1 [31] |
| Vmax, PCT | Proximal convoluted tubule maximum active Cl− transport rate | 28.0 nmole·cm−2s−1 |
| Vmax, PST | Proximal straight tubule maximum active Cl− transport rate | 2.5 nmole·cm−2s−1 [6] |
| Vmax, DL | Descending limb maximum active Cl− transport rate | 0.0 nmole·cm−2s−1 |
| Vmax, TAL | TAL maximum active Cl− transport rate | 19.18 nmole·cm−2s− 1 [6] |
| μ | Fluid dynamic viscosity | 7.2 ×10−3 g·cm−1s− 1 [42] |
| τ | Base-case TGF delay | 3.5 s [3] |
| K1 | Half of the range of pressure variation around P̄o | 6 mmHg |
| K2 | TGF sensitivity, | – |