Fig. 5.

Effects of pre-treatment of vitamin E homologs on cytokine and antioxidant enzyme expression induced by 0.6 mg/ml LPS. Cells pre-treated with vitamin E homologs were harvested for total RNA isolation and real-time PCR analysis. The expression levels of TNF-α, IL-8, HO-1 and SP-D were normalized to that of Ribo-L32 mRNA and are shown relative to those of the control under static conditions. ^⁎⁎⁎p<0.001, ^⁎⁎p<0.005, ^⁎p<0.01, ♯♯p<0.025, ♯p<0.05 in comparison with the LPS-treated cells (Turkey, ANOVA).