Histogram and region of interest analysis of the diffusion indices in the bilateral striatum. The group-averaged FA histograms of the bilateral striatum (from Bregma 2.52 to 0 mm) are shown in the form of line graphs in A. Compared to the control group (Con), the STZ group (STZ) showed a statistically significant (*p < 0.001) reduction in histogram peak location (B), but no change in histogram peak height (C). Compared to the control group, the STZ group showed significantly reduced average FA in the whole striatum, the gray matter-like region with FA < 0.2, and the white matter-like region with FA ≥ 0.2 (D, *p < 0.001). The reduction of FA in the diabetic striatum was associated with a significantly decreased axial diffusivity (Da, F and G, *p < 0.05 vs. Con) and unchanged radial diffusivity (Dr).