Table 2.
Baseline and follow-up risk factors in intervention and control groups.
| Risk factor | Intervention | Control | |||||
| Baseline | Follow-up | P valuea | Baseline | Follow-up | P valuea | ||
| Apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 ratio (SD) | 0.66 (0.19) | 0.67 (0.18) | .42 | 0.70 (0.18) | 0.71 (0.20) | .59 | |
| HbA1c (SD) | 5.9 (0.8) | 5.9 (0.8) | .81 | 5.8 (0.8) | 5.9 (0.9) | .01 | |
| Self-reported diabetes,b nc (%) | 31 (20.0) | 36 (23.2) | .03 | 13 (7.9) | 16 (9.7) | .08 | |
| Self-reported hypertension, nc (%) | 43 (28.1) | 46 (30.1) | .08 | 36 (22.4) | 42 (26.1) | .01 | |
| Elevated BP,d n (%) | 35 (30.4) | 25 (21.7) | .06 | 31 (27.0) | 22 (19.1) | .08 | |
| Mean SBP (SD) mm Hg | 128 (18) | 124 (16) | .008 | 127 (19) | 123 (17) | .003 | |
| Mean DBP (SD) mm Hg | 81 (10) | 79 (10) | .006 | 82 (11) | 79 (11) | <.0001 | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio—male, mean (SD) | 0.95 (0.06) | 0.96 (0.06) | .68 | 0.95 (0.05) | 0.94 (0.06) | .07 | |
| Waist-to-hip ratio—female, mean (SD) | 0.89 (0.07) | 0.88 (0.07) | .12 | 0.87 (0.06) | 0.87 (0.06) | .62 | |
| Stress in last year at baseline and in last 6 months at follow-up, n (%) | 48 (30.8) | 29 (18.6) | .001 | 52 (32.1) | 33 (20.4) | .002 | |
| Depression for ≥2 weeks in last year at baseline and last 6 months at follow-up, n (%) | 50 (32.3) | 24 (15.5) | .0001 | 36 (22.2) | 16 (9.9) | .0009 | |
| Mean servings of fruits/day (SD) | 2.0 (1.2) | 2.0 (1.2) | .90 | 2.0 (1.2) | 1.9 (1.4) | .67 | |
| Mean servings of vegetables/day (SD) | 3.0 (1.7) | 2.8 (1.8) | .24 | 3.0 (1.9) | 2.9 (1.9) | .83 | |
| Mean servings of deep fried foods/snacks per day (SD) | 0.3 (0.5) | 0.2 (0.2) | .0005 | 0.3 (0.4) | 0.2 (0.4) | .003 | |
| Moderate/very active in leisure time, n (%) | 58 (37.9) | 88 (57.5) | <.0001 | 47 (29.0) | 77 (47.5) | <.0001 | |
| Self-reported high cholesterol,c n (%) | 42 (28.2) | 49 (32.9) | .008 | 37 (22.6) | 44 (26.8) | .008 | |
| IHRSe,f (SD) | 13.4 (5.8) | 12.0 (5.8) | .002 | 12.6 (5.9) | 11.7 (5.9) | .05 | |
aPairwise comparison of data using paired t-test for continuous measures and McNemar’s test for categorical measures.
bPrevalence of events at follow-up includes baseline plus additional new events since baseline. Therefore the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol are higher at follow-up.
cNumber of participants with data available for the specific variable.
dBloodpressure (BP) was measured at baseline and follow-up. Elevated BP is >140/90.
eIHRS: INTERHEART risk score.
fNo significant difference in change between the intervention and control group (P=.70).