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. 2013 Aug 14;15(8):e176. doi: 10.2196/jmir.2643

Table 2.

Distribution of species of microorganisms from the surface of the iPads on initial arrival of the devices at the laboratory (shown as cumulative number of colony forming units from 20 tablet PCs; n=6811).



CFU % Gram stain
Physiological human skin flora




Staphylococcus epidermidis 1783 26.2 positive

Micrococcus luteus 1509 22.2 positive

Staphylococcus hominis 1256 18.4 positive

Staphylococcus capitis 977 14.3 positive

Staphylococcus warneri 194 2.9 positive

Other coagulase-negative staphylococci 363 5.3 positive

Bacillus spp. 309 4.5 positive

Corynebacterium spp. 117 1.7 positive

Other species 20 0.3 positive
Pathogenic microorganisms




Staphylococcus aureus (non-MRSAa) 218 3.2 positive

Pseudomonas spp. 36 0.5 negative

Aspergillus spp. / molds 9 0.1 N/A

Acinetobacter spp. 8 0.1 negative

Other species 12 0.2 negative

aMRSA: methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.