Table 2.
Mental Health and Perceived Stress Among Male and Female College Students Using Unweighted Sample Sizes and Weighted Proportions, N = 14,706†
| Poor Mental Health |
Perceived Stress |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
|||||||
| Male, No. |
Female, No. |
% | OR (95% CI)‡ |
% | OR (95% CI)‡ |
% | OR (95% CI)‡ |
% | OR (95% CI)‡ |
|
| Overall | 5427 | 9279 | 8.3 | 1.00 | 11.7 | 1.45 (1.28, 1.64)* |
13.0 | 1.00 | 19.5 | 1.61 (1.47, 1.76)* |
| High school vigorous PA | ||||||||||
| Did not meet | 1534 | 3193 | 11.2 | 1.00 | 12.4 | 1.00 | 17.3 | 1.00 | 20.2 | 1.00 |
| recommendations | ||||||||||
| Met recommendations | 3893 | 6086 | 7.1 | 0.62 (0.50, 0.76) |
11.3 | 0.90 (0.79, 1.03) |
11.3 | 0.61 (0.51, 0.97) |
19.1 | 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) |
| Age | ||||||||||
| 18–20 | 2986 | 5475 | 7.9 | 1.00 | 11.7 | 1.00 | 13.9 | 1.00 | 20.6 | 1.00 |
| 21–23 | 1910 | 3080 | 8.3 | 1.05 (0.83, 1.33) |
10.9 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.06) |
11.7 | 0.82 (0.69, 0.98)* |
17.9 | 0.84 (0.72, 0.98)* |
| 24+ | 531 | 724 | 10.4 | 1.33 (0.88, 2.01) |
14.6 | 1.23 (0.96, 1.57) |
12.6 | 0.86 (0.61, 1.21) |
18.3 | 0.84 (0.67, 1.06) |
| Year in college | ||||||||||
| Freshman | 1405 | 2417 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 11.9 | 1.00 | 13.3 | 1.00 | 21.5 | 1.00 |
| Sophomore | 1269 | 2225 | 7.2 | 0.94 (0.70, 1.25) |
11.8 | 0.99 (0.83, 1.18) |
14.5 | 1.10 (0.88, 1.38) |
20.8 | 0.96 (0.84, 1.09) |
| Junior | 1290 | 2232 | 9.4 | 1.23 (0.99, 1.54) |
12.2 | 1.02 (0.83, 1.25) |
13.7 | 1.03 (0.83, 1.27) |
19.2 | 0.87 (0.75, 1.01) |
| Senior | 1093 | 1952 | 7.8 | 1.01 (0.70, 1.46) |
10.4 | 0.85 (0.68, 1.06) |
9.8 | 0.70 (0.54, 0.91)* |
16.2 | 0.71 (0.59, 0.85)* |
| Fifth year | 370 | 453 | 11.1 | 1.49 (0.90, 2.47) |
12.6 | 1.03 (0.76, 1.41) |
13.2 | 0.96 (0.59, 1.55) |
18.4 | 0.81 (0.63, 1.05) |
| Race | ||||||||||
| White | 4355 | 7240 | 8.0 | 1.00 | 10.7 | 1.00 | 12.1 | 1.00 | 18.6 | 1.00 |
| African-American | 200 | 483 | 4.9 | 0.58 (0.29, 1.18) |
13.3 | 1.24 (0.91, 1.70) |
14.1 | 1.18 (0.81, 1.70) |
22.3 | 1.25 (0.99, 1.58) |
| Asian | 461 | 771 | 10.5 | 1.35 (0.95, 1.92) |
16.8 | 1.72 (1.39, 2.12)* |
17.0 | 1.52 (1.20, 1.92)* |
25.0 | 1.48 (1.18, 1.86)* |
| Other | 411 | 785 | 9.8 | 1.25 (0.82, 1.89) |
12.7 | 1.19 (0.95, 1.49) |
15.3 | 1.28 (0.97, 1.68) |
19.5 | 1.07 (0.87, 1.31) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||||
| Non-Hispanic | 5032 | 8591 | 8.2 | 1.00 | 11.7 | 1.00 | 12.9 | 1.00 | 19.8 | 1.00 |
| Hispanic | 395 | 688 | 8.5 | 1.03 (0.70, 1.53) |
11.5 | 0.96 (0.75, 1.23) |
14.7 | 1.14 (0.85, 1.53) |
16.4 | 0.80 (0.62, 1.01) |
| SEP (attended college) | ||||||||||
| Both parents | 2320 | 3602 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 10.3 | 1.00 | 11.5 | 1.00 | 18.6 | 1.00 |
| Only one parent | 1418 | 2520 | 8.1 | 1.04 (0.76, 1.42) |
11.7 | 1.15 (0.96, 1.28) |
14.2 | 1.25 (0.98, 1.59) |
19.6 | 1.06 (0.92, 1.22) |
| Neither parent | 1689 | 3157 | 9.2 | 1.19 (0.92, 1.56) |
13.1 | 1.29 (1.10, 1.51) |
14.0 | 1.22 (0.98, 1.51) |
20.4 | 1.10 (0.92, 1.29) |
| Weight status | ||||||||||
| Underweight | 106 | 453 | 16.1 | 2.19 (1.18, 4.06)* |
11.3 | 1.06 (0.71, 1.58) |
25.2 | 2.44 (1.44, 4.12)* |
16.3 | 0.86 (0.64, 1.16) |
| Normal | 3005 | 6567 | 8.0 | 1.00 | 10.8 | 1.00 | 12.1 | 1.00 | 18.4 | 1.00 |
| Overweight | 1642 | 1504 | 8.0 | 0.99 (0.81, 1.21) |
12.8 | 1.21 (1.01, 1.44)* |
13.0 | 1.07 (0.91, 1.27) |
20.7 | 1.16 (1.00, 1.34)* |
| Obesity | 499 | 469 | 8.8 | 1.10 (0.73, 1.64) |
14.9 | 1.43 (1.09, 1.88)* |
14.5 | 1.21 (0.94, 1.56) |
25.0 | 1.47 (1.13, 1.92)* |
| Class II obesity | 175 | 286 | 9.3 | 1.17 (0.65, 2.09) |
20.7 | 2.11 (1.55, 2.89)* |
17.1 | 1.46 (0.95, 2.24) |
33.8 | 2.26 (1.72, 2.95)* |
| Mental health | ||||||||||
| Good (41–100) | 4987 | 8193 | 8.7 | 1.00 | 13.1 | 1.00 | ||||
| Poor (0–40) | 440 | 1086 | 61.4 | 16.82 (13.44, 21.05)* |
68.0 | 14.03 (12.08, 16.30)* |
||||
| Perceived stress | ||||||||||
| Low (0–8) | 4722 | 7474 | 3.7 | 1.00 | 4.6 | 1.00 | ||||
| High (9–16) | 705 | 1805 | 39.0 | 16.73 (13.40, 20.88)* |
40.6 | 14.02 (12.05, 16.31)* |
||||
| Socializing | ||||||||||
| High (2+ h and 5+ friends) |
2541 | 3762 | 4.2 | 1.00 | 7.7 | 1.00 | 8.4 | 1.00 | 15.3 | 1.00 |
| Low (≤2 h or <5 friends) |
2886 | 5517 | 11.9 | 3.04 (2.39, 3.86)* |
14.4 | 1.99 (1.71, 2.31)* |
17.1 | 2.24 (1.81, 2.77)* |
22.4 | 1.60 (1.41, 1.82)* |
†
PA indicates physical activity; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; and SEP, socioeconomic position.
‡
Adjusted for response rate.
*
Statistically significant at p < 0.05.