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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2013 Apr 2;101(11):3339–3348. doi: 10.1002/jbm.a.34606

TABLE I.

Implant Systems for Direct Skeletal Attachment and Their Design Features

Usage
Surgery
Material
Medullary Part
Percutaneous Part
Systems In
Humans
In
Animals
One-
Stage
Two-
Stage
Stainless
Steel
Carbon Titanium
Alloy
Ti6AI4V
Cobalt-
Chrome
Alloy
Tantalum Cylindrical Conical Double
Tempered
Permeable Elastic Sleeve Polished Porous
Surface
Permeable Perforated
Flange
Provision
For Cable
Passage
Coated
RLAH X x x x x x
OPRA X x x x x x
EEFP X x x x x x
ITAP X x x x x x x x x
POP x x x x x x
SBIP x x x x x x x x x
AEAHBM x x x x x
UA x x x