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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sleep Med Rev. 2013 Mar 28;18(1):10.1016/j.smrv.2012.12.003. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2012.12.003

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Intermittent hypoxia generates increased oxidative stress, can activate molecular oxygen sensors, and induce a chronic inflammatory state at the blood–brain barrier. In OSA patients that are susceptible (e.g., genetic polymorphisms and co-morbidities/epigenetics) this can lead to further effects on the blood–brain barrier, specifically, alterations in microvessel permeability.