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. 2013 Jul 19;13(7):9344–9363. doi: 10.3390/s130709344

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Figure 3. — Waggle dance communication of honeybees. (A) The forager (dancer) coming back from a foraging trip transfers vector information to hive-mates (followers) by the figure-of-eight dance shown in the image. In this case, the comb stands vertically. In this example, the follower deciphers vector information that the indicated flower is in the direction of θ ° to the west based on the direction of the sun. (B) The figure-of-eight dance consists of a straight-line run and return run. This dance is also called a waggle dance because the dancing bee waggles its abdomen from side to side and produces the pulsed thoracic vibration on the straight-line run. (C) Frequency spectrum of the pulsed thoracic vibration indicating the main frequency (MF = 0 dB). B and C were adapted with permission from Hrncir et al. [34].