Table 3.
Descriptive statistics and inter-variable correlations in the Terman sample, the Hawaii sample, and the combined Terman-Hawaii sample for the full sample and separately by sex
| Variable | Mean (SD) | E | A | C | S | I |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Terman Sample (N = 1,085) | ||||||
| Sex1 | 614 M, 471 F | .16*** | .09** | .15*** | −.01 | −.04 |
| Year of birth | 1910 (3.10) | .01 | −.07* | −.12*** | −.02 | −.02 |
| Males | 1910 (3.16) | −.08* | −.12*** | −.14*** | −.03 | −.05 |
| Females | 1910 (2.98) | .09* | −.02 | −.13*** | .000 | .03 |
| Health composite2 | 9.20 (2.09) | .02 | .02 | .02 | .06* | −.02 |
| Males | 9.42 (1.98) | .08* | .03 | .04 | .10* | −.02 |
| Females | 8.92 (2.19) | −.01 | .03 | .03 | .009 | −.03 |
| Self-rated health | 4.22 (0.72) | .03 | −.004 | .03 | .05 | .001 |
| Males | 4.29 (0.70) | .08* | .01 | .05 | .10* | .004 |
| Females | 4.13 (0.73) | .01 | −.004 | .03 | −.02 | −.01 |
| Illnesses | 0.89 (0.88) | .03 | .02 | .06 | .02 | .02 |
| Males | 0.80 (0.83) | −.02 | .03 | .04 | .001 | .01 |
| Females | 1.00 (0.94) | .05 | −.02 | .03 | .05 | .05 |
| Mental adjustment | 2.57 (0.64) | .04 | .06 | .07* | .10** | −.02 |
| Males | 2.59 (0.64) | .06 | .07 | .06 | .11** | −.04 |
| Females | 2.55 (0.64) | .02 | .05 | .09* | .09 | .000 |
| Education | 7.69 (1.44) | .01 | −.003 | .11*** | .06 | .07* |
| Males | 7.80 (1.47) | .05 | .05 | .12** | .05 | .06 |
| Females | 7.55 (1.40) | −.02 | −.05 | .12** | .07 | .08 |
| Alcohol abuse | 1.84 (0.61) | .08** | −.05 | −.11*** | −.02 | −.04 |
| Males | 1.95 (0.62) | .12** | .003 | −.07 | −.003 | −.03 |
| Females | 1.71 (0.58) | .10* | −.07 | −.11* | −.05 | −.06 |
|
| ||||||
| Hawaii Sample (N = 1,170) | ||||||
| Sex1 | 617 M, 553 F | −.05 | .21*** | .24*** | .01 | −.07* |
| Year of birth | 1955 (1.61) | .01 | −.01 | −.02 | .02 | −.001 |
| Males | 1955 (1.60) | .01 | −.001 | −.04 | .04 | .02 |
| Females | 1955 (1.62) | .02 | −.04 | −.01 | −.001 | −.02 |
| Health composite2 | 9.66 (2.16) | .04 | .05 | .10*** | .04 | .05 |
| Males | 9.72 (2.02) | .02 | −.003 | .07 | −.01 | .02 |
| Females | 9.59 (2.30) | .05 | .12** | .16*** | .07 | .09* |
| Self-rated health | 3.38 (0.97) | .07* | .04 | .10*** | .03 | .08** |
| Males | 3.34 (0.95) | .02 | .001 | .06 | .01 | .01 |
| Females | 3.43 (0.99) | .12** | .07 | .14** | .05 | .17*** |
| Illnesses | 0.83 (1.00) | −.02 | −.03 | −.07* | −.03 | −.01 |
| Males | 0.82 (0.98) | −.02 | .002 | −.04 | .02 | −.003 |
| Females | 0.84 (1.02) | −.02 | −.07 | −.12** | −.07 | −.02 |
| Mental adjustment | 2.73 (0.57) | −.002 | .03 | .05 | .02 | .03 |
| Males | 2.78 (0.51) | .01 | −.01 | .05 | .001 | .02 |
| Females | 2.67 (0.63) | −.02 | .11* | .10* | .05 | .02 |
| Education | 6.56 (1.89) | .04 | .13*** | .23*** | .10*** | .18*** |
| Males | 6.43 (1.93) | .05 | .13** | .23*** | .10* | .23*** |
| Females | 6.71 (1.83) | .05 | .10* | .20*** | .10* | .13** |
| Alcohol abuse | 2.18 (1.12) | .06* | −.06 | −.09** | .01 | .01 |
| Males | 2.44 (1.17) | .03 | .02 | .01 | .01 | −.03 |
| Females | 1.89 (0.98) | .08 | −.04 | −.10* | .04 | .03 |
|
| ||||||
| Combined Sample (N = 2,255) | ||||||
| Sex1 | 1231 M, 1024 F | .05* | .15*** | .20*** | .003 | −.06** |
| Year of birth | 1934 (22.81) | .001 | −.01 | −.01 | −.000 | −.002 |
| Males | 1933 (22.97) | .09** | −.07* | −.06 | −.01 | .01 |
| Females | 1935 (22.58) | .11*** | .06 | .03 | .01 | −.02 |
| Health composite2 | 9.44 (2.13) | .03 | .03 | .06** | .05* | .02 |
| Males | 9.57 (2.00) | .06 | .01 | .05 | .05 | .000 |
| Females | 9.28 (2.27) | .004 | .08** | .11*** | .05 | .03 |
| Self-rated health | 3.78 (0.95) | .05* | .02 | .06** | .03 | .04* |
| Males | 3.81 (0.96) | −.01 | .04 | .07* | .04 | −.001 |
| Females | 3.75 (0.94) | .11*** | .02 | .07* | .02 | .10** |
| Illnesses | 0.86 (0.95) | .004 | −.01 | −.01 | −.01 | .005 |
| Males | 0.81 (0.91) | −.02 | .02 | −.002 | .01 | .003 |
| Females | 0.91 (0.99) | .02 | −.05 | −.05 | −.02 | .01 |
| Mental adjustment | 2.65 (0.61) | .02 | .04* | .06** | .06** | .003 |
| Males | 2.69 (0.59) | .05 | .02 | .05 | .06* | −.01 |
| Females | 2.61 (0.63) | −.02 | .08** | .10** | .07* | .01 |
| Education | 7.12 (1.78) | .03 | .07** | .17*** | .08*** | .13*** |
| Males | 7.12 (1.85) | .01 | .11*** | .18*** | .07* | .14*** |
| Females | 7.11 (1.69) | .05 | .02 | .15*** | .08* | .11*** |
| Alcohol abuse | 2.01 (0.91) | .06** | −.05* | −.09*** | .001 | −.01 |
| Males | 2.18 (0.95) | .08** | −.01 | −.03 | −.001 | −.02 |
| Females | 1.80 (0.81) | .07* | −.04 | −.09** | .01 | −.01 |
Note. Child personality was measured in 1922 (average age 11) in the Terman sample and between 1959 and 1967 (grades 1, 2, 5, or 6) in the Hawaii sample. Adult variables were measured in the 1950 and 1960 assessments (age 40–50) in the Terman sample and age 41 to 50 (average 45) in the Hawaii sample. Pearson correlations are presented. E = extraversion, A = agreeableness, C = conscientiousness, S = emotional stability, I = intellect.
Ns given for males (M) and females (F). 0 = male, 1 = female.
The composite health variable is the sum of self-rated health, illness (reversed), and mental adjustment.
p < .05;
p < .01;
p < .001