Table 1.
Expression, glycan specificity and function of CLRs expressed on APC such as macrophages, DC and Langerhans cells (LC), from group II, V and VI, used for DC-targeting applications.
| Lectin | Synonyms | Expression in human | Expression in mice | Carbohydrate specificity | Ligands | Function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DEC205 Group VI | CD205; LY75; CLEC13B | BDCA1+ cDCs; monocytes; B-cells; low levels on NK cells; pDCs and T-cells | Cortical thymic epithelium; multiple subsets of DCs: CD11c+ CD8+ thymic medullary/splenic/lymp h node DCs; Dermal/interstitial DCs and LCs | Unknown | Dead cells; Y.pestis | Endocytic receptor | [20-22] |
| MR Group VI | CD206; MRC1; CLEC13D | Tissue macrophages and a subpopulation of DCs; lymphatic and hepatic epithelium, kidney mesangial cells; | Tissue macrophages and a subpopulation of DCs; lymphatic and hepatic epithelium, kidney mesangial cells; | mannose; Fucose; GlcNAc and sulphated glycans | C. albicans; M. tuberculosis; T.cruzi; and several other pathogens; (pro)collagen; serum hydrolases; tissue plasminogen activator; neutrophil derived myoloperoxidase; sialoadhesin; | Role in homeostasis; endocytic receptor | [23-30] |
| DC-SIGN Group II (murine homologue is not functional) | CD209; CLEC4L | DCs; specific macrophage subsets | High mannose; Lewis-antigens; GlcNAc (on LPS) | HIV; M.tubercolosis; C. Albicans; S.mansoni; wide panel of other pathogens. ICAM3; ICAM2; CD66a; MAC-1 | Endocytic and receptor; production of numerous cytokines and chemokines | [31-34] | |
| huMGL Group II | CD301; CLEC10A; CLECSF14 | Immature DCs; macrophages | Terminal GalNAc-structures | CD45; S.mansoni; filoviruses; adenocarcinomas | Endocytic receptor; regulation of effector T-cells | [35] | |
| mMGL1 Group II | CLEC10A; CD301a | Macrophages; interstitial DCs; pDCs | Lewis X; Lewis A structures | Uptake receptor, role in apoptosis | [35-38] | ||
| mMGL2 Group II | CD301b | Macrophages, DCs in dermis, small intestines and lymph nodes | Galactose; GalNAc | tumor-associated MUC1 | Endocytic receptor | [35-38] | |
| Langerin Groups II | CD207; CLEC4K | LCs | LCs; CD103+ DCs and CD8α+ DCs; | Mannose; GlcNAc; fucose; galactose-6-sulfated glycans | HIV Fibroblast-derived type I procollagen | Uptake receptor; induction of Birbeck granules | [39-42] |
| DCIR Group V | LLIR; CLEC4A; DDB27; CLEC SF6 | DCs; monocytes B-cells; neutrophils; granulocytes; dermal DCs; pDCs | CD8α- splenic DCs | Unknown | HIV | Uptake receptor | [43-46] |
| CLEC9A Group V | DNGR-1 | BDCA3+ DCs | CD8α+ splenic DCs; pDCs | Unknown | Dead cell-associated antigens | Uptake receptor; cross-presentation dead cell-associated antigens | [12,15,17] |
| Dectin-1 Group V | CLEC7A; CLECSF12; Beta-glucan receptor | LCs; DCs; pDCs; macrophages; B-cells; granulocutes; T-cell subset | Monocytes; macrophages; DCs; neutrophils | Beta-glucans | C.albicans; A. fumigatus; P. carinii; C. posadasii; M. audounii, T. rubrum; T-cells | Uptake receptor; induction of DC-maturation; respiratory burst; production of numerous cytokines and chemokines | [47-51] |