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Nephrin mRNA expression (a), TGFβ1 (b), RAGE (c) and SOD2 (d) expressions were measured using ELISA kit. Kidneys and sera were obtained from all groups treated with saline and PA and mice pretreated with different concentrations of proanthocyanidin. Mean values ±SD are shown. The asterisk (*) values are different (P < 0.05) as compared with control group.
