Table 2– Differences between survivors and non-survivors.
| Survivors | Non-survivors | p-value | |
| Subjects n | 375 | 229 | |
| Age years | 61.1±10.1 | 63±9.2 | 0.024 |
| Sex % | |||
| Male | 62.4 | 63.8 | ns |
| Female | 37.6 | 36.2 | |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 24.7±5.3 | 23.4±5.2 | 0.004 |
| FEV1 % pred | 40.6±18.8 | 30.9±15 | <0.001 |
| FVC % pred | 88.4±22 | 78.2±21.6 | <0.001 |
| FEV1/FVC | 36.4±12.8 | 31.8±11 | <0.001 |
| GOLD classification % | <0.001 | ||
| Stage I | 3.2 | 0.9 | |
| Stage II | 22.7 | 7.4 | |
| Stage III | 33 | 20.5 | |
| Stage IV | 41.1 | 71.2 | |
| TLCO % quartiles | <0.001 | ||
| Best quartile (>51) | 31.3 | 13.9 | |
| Quartile 2 (51–37.3) | 29.1 | 18.3 | |
| Quartile 3 (37.3–27.9) | 22.2 | 29.3 | |
| Quartile 4 (<27.9) | 17.4 | 38.5 | |
| TLCO % pred | 44.7±18.4 | 34.1±15.2 | <0.001 |
| TLC % pred | 123.4±17 | 127.5±20.5 | 0.015 |
| FRC % pred | 166.1±35.3 | 184.4±41.1 | <0.001 |
| RV % pred | 195.6±53.2 | 220.9±63.1 | <0.001 |
| IC/TLC % | 28.8±8.6 | 23.5±8 | <0.001 |
| PaO2 kPa | 9.6±1.3 | 9.2±1.6 | 0.001 |
| PaCO2 kPa | 5.1±0.7 | 5.4±1 | 0.003 |
| Arterio-alveolar oxygen gradient kPa | 5±1.3 | 5.1±1.4 | ns |
| LTOT % | 11.0 | 27.1 | <0.001 |
| Smoking status % | |||
| Never or ex-smokers | 88.4 | 83.4 | ns |
| Current smokers | 11.6 | 16.6 | |
| Smoking history pack-years | 45.6±25.1 | 41.1±19.4 | ns |
| Exacerbations % | |||
| 0–1 per year | 40.3 | 37.1 | |
| 2–4 per year | 40 | 47.2 | ns |
| >4 per year | 19.7 | 15.7 |
Data are presented as mean±sd, unless otherwise stated. BMI: body mass index; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: forced vital capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung disease; TLCO: carbon monoxide transfer factor; TLC: total lung capacity; FRC: functional residual capacity; RV: residual volume; IC: inspiratory capacity; PaO2: arterial oxygen partial pressure; PaCO2: arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure; LTOT: long-term oxygen treatment; ns: nonsignificant.