Table 3.
Distribution of Systemic Signs by Bell Staging [% of cases]
|
Nurse-Sensitive Assessments (with definition) |
All NEC patients (n=117) |
Stage I (n=37) |
Stage II (n=28) |
Stage IIIA (n=15) |
Stage IIIB (n=37) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Temperature Instability Temp ≤ 96.8°F (36°C) and/or ≥ 100.4°F (38°C) |
14.7% | 16.2% | 7.4% | 20% | 16.2% |
|
Bradycardia HR < 100 beats/minute |
54.3% | 64.8% | 66.7% | 73.3% | 27% |
|
Severe apnea, requiring increase in respiratory support Greater ventilator support to maintain oxygenation (i.e. increase in rate, transition from CPAP to IMV) |
49.6% | 32.4% | 46.4% | 73.3% | 59.5% |
|
Administration of respiratory medications initiated to support adequate oxygenation Administration of caffeine, aminophylline or theophylline |
63.2% | 78.4% | 78.6% | 60% | 37.8% |
|
Hypotension Decrease in mean BP of more than 4 mm Hg |
82.9% | 73% | 92.9% | 86.7% | 83.8% |
|
Severe hypotension, requiring vasopressor support Administration of dopamine, dobutamine, or epinephrine |
17.1% | 8.1% | 14.3% | 20% | 27% |
|
Respiratory acidosis pH < 7.25 and CO2 > 60 |
46.7% | 20.6% | 47.8% | 64.35 | 64.7% |
|
Metabolic acidosis TCO2 ≤ 18 |
11.9% | 9.7% | 13.6% | 28.6% | 5.9% |
|
Thrombocytopenia Platelets < 100,000 |
16.5% | 15.6% | 3.6% | 14.3% | 28.6% |
|
Neutropenia Neutrophils (polys) < 1,000 |
6.1% | 16.2% | 0 | 6.7% | 0 |