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Heat-killed strains of M. tuberculosis stimulate less IL-1β secretion from macrophages than viable bacteria. Bone marrow macrophages were stimulated with nine heat-killed strains of M. tuberculosis and BCG for 48 h. IL-1β concentrations in the supernatants were determined by ELISA (A). Levels of pro-IL-1β in the cell lysates were assayed by western blot at 6 h and 24 h (B). The cytokine data represents mean ± SD of three independent experiments.
