(A) Human PBMCs were co-cultured with JFH-1/Huh7.5cells or stimulated with poly I:C, R848 and CpG-A for 24 hours. IFN-α and IL-12 production were measured by ELISA. (B) Human PBMCs were co-cultured with JFH-1/Huh7.5cells or stimulated with poly I:C or R848 in the presence or absence of anti-IFNAR or anti-IL-12 antibody IFN-γ production was measured by ELISA. (Mean±SD, n=3), *P<0.05. (E) Human PBMCs (grey bar) or PBMCs depleted of CD56+ cells (black bar) were co-cultured with JFH1/Huh7.5 cells for 24 hours. Co-cultured PBMCs were collected and expression of co-stimulatory molecules, CD80, CD83 and CD86, on DCs (Lin1- HLA-DR+ population) were analyzed by flow cytometry. One representative data of two experiments was shown. (F) Human immune cells (white bar) or their counterparts depleted of CD56+ cells (black bar) were co-cultured with JFH-1/Huh7.5 cells for 12 hours. Co-cultured cells were collected and ISGs (CXCL10, ISG15, ISG56 and MX1) expression levels were measured by realtime PCR. One representative data of two experiments was shown.