Figure 3.

Degree of smiling (AU 12) (mean values (+SD) while undergoing non-painful and painful heat stimulation (study 2)). Values are given separately for the three situations (being alone (no sociality), being with the partner (high sociality/intimate other), and being with the experimenter (high sociality/formal other)). (Moderate (d > 0.5) and strong (d > 0.8) effect sizes are marked in bold. Effect sizes for the differences in stimulus intensities are given in gray, whereas differences between situations are given in black.)