Table 1.

Patient demographics and cardiovascular history.

	Self-referral	Emergency medical services	p-value	OR (95% CI)
Number of patients	3789 (32.7%)	7792 (67.3%)
Age, years	63.6 (51.1–73.1)	70.1 (57.9–78.3)	< 0.0001
Female	39.6%	39.8%	0.84	0.99 (0.92–1.07)
Cardiovascular history	62.6%	64.1%	0.11	0.94 (0.86–1.01)
Percutaneous coronary intervention	37.1%	33.9%	< 0.001	1.15 (1.06–1.25)
Myocardial infarction	18.2%	21.4%	< 0.0001	0.82 (0.74–0.90)
Coronary artery bypass Surgery	9.8%	12.6%	< 0.0001	0.75 (0.66–0.85)
Peripheral arterial disease	5.1%	7.1%	< 0.0001	0.71 (0.60–0.84)
Stroke	4.3%	5.2%	< 0.05	0.81 (0.67–0.98)
Chronic heart failure	7.8%	10.1%	< 0.0001	0.75 (0.65–0.87)
Cardiomyopathy	2.3%	2.9%	0.24	0.78 (0.51–1.18)
ICD or pacemaker	8.1%	8.6%	0.38	0.94 (0.81–1.08)

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; ICD: implantable cardioverter defibrillator