Table 1. Agro-industrial byproducts used as substrates for laccase production.

Agro-industrial byproduct	Culture	Organism	Activity (U g-1 or UL-1)	Substrate	Reference
Sugarcane bagasse	SF	Pleurotus ostreatus	112±2.8	ABTS	[56]
	SF	Phanerochaete chrysosporium	25.2±1.5	ABTS	[56]
	SF	Pycnoporus cinnabarinus	2	ABTS	[57]
	SmF	T . versicolor	410	ABTS	[58]
Coffee pulp	SF	Ganoderma sp .	142	ABTS	[59]
	SF	Pleurotus ostreatus	1	SGZ	[60]
	SF	Pleurotus pulmonarius	1.2	SGZ	[60]
Wheat bran	SF	Pleurotus sp. IE137	~145	SGZ	[61]
	SF	Pleurotus pulmonarius CCB19	20000	SGZ	[62]
	SmF	Pleurotus ostreatus 1804	8033	ABTS	[63]
	SmF	Ganoderma lucidum 447	97340±9460	ABTS	[64]
Banana peels	SF	Ganoderma sp .	974	ABTS	[59]
	SF	Pleurotus florida	5.4	ABTS	[65]
	SF	Lentinula edodes 122	390.31	ABTS	[66]
	SF	Trametes hirsuta BT 2566	3550	ABTS	[67]
Mandarin peels	SmF	Ganoderma lucidum 447	3145±370	ABTS	[64]
	SF	Pleurotus florida	3.1	ABTS	[65]
	SmF	Ganoderma lucidum 447	35980±3616	ABTS	[64]
	SmF	Trametes pubescens	100	ABTS	[68]
Cantaloupe peels	SmF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	1084±92	ABTS	[67]
Soy bran	SF	Pleurotus florida	4.0	ABTS	[65]
Vinasse + Cotton stalk extract	SmF	Ganoderma lucidum 447	93840±9566	ABTS	[64]
Tomato pomace	SmF	Coriolus versicolor ATCC 200801	4406	SGZ	[69]
Grape stalks	SmF	Funaliatrogii ATCC 200800	4880	SGZ	[70]
Barley straw	SF	Pleurotus ostreatus	15	ABTS	[70]
Grape seeds	SF	Trametes versicolor	35	ABTS	[71]
	SmF	Trametes versicolor	~800	ABTS	[71]
Wheat straw	SmF	Trametes versicolor	~500	ABTS	[71]
	SmF	Trametes versicolor	~500	ABTS	[66]
Reed grass	SF	Trametes hirsuta BT 2566	22550	ABTS	[72]
Bean stalk	SF	Lentinula edodes 122	548.67	SGZ	[67]
Barley bran	SF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	162±20	ABTS	[72]
Barley bran + Cu+2	SF	Lentinula edodes 122	257.69	SGZ	[66]
Apple peels	SF	Trametes hirsuta BT 2566	15740	ABTS	[67]
	SF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	188±20*	ABTS	[67]
Tree leaves	SmF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	1680±190	ABTS	[67]
	SF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	280±23*	ABTS	[67]
Olive mill wastewater	SmF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	834±61	ABTS	[67]
	SF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	205±25*	ABTS	[67]
Wood shavings	SmF	Trametes pubescens IBB 663	630±54	ABTS	[73]
	SmF	Panus tigrinus CBS 577.79	4600±98	2,6-DMP	[73]
	SF	Panus tigrinus CBS 577.79	1309±20*	2,6-DMP	[74]
	SmF	Trametes versicolor CBS 100.29	451	ABTS	[75]
Wood shavings + Cu+2	SF	Ceriporiopsissubvermispora	~0.5	N.I.	[75]
	SF	Ganoderma sp .	~500	ABTS	[59]
	SF	Trametestrogii MYA 28-11	901	ABTS	[76]

SF: Solid state fermentation; SmF: Submerged fermentation

^*Laccase activity expressed as UL^{- 1} for these solid state cultures

SGZ: Syringaldazine; 2,6-DMP: 2,6-dimethoxyphenol; N.I.: No indicated