. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Rehabil Nurs. 2013 May 29;39(3):130–139. doi: 10.1002/rnj.106

Table 2.

Means (SDs) of Psychological Outcomes by Intervention Group

	Group	N	Baseline	12 weeks	24 weeks	Friedman^a p value - Within Groups	Mann-Whitney U^b p-value – Between Groups
	Group	N	Baseline	12 weeks	24 weeks	Friedman^a p value - Within Groups	Baseline – 12 weeks	Baseline – 24 weeks	12 – 24 weeks
CES	INV	17	2.8 (0.7)	3.7 (1.1)	3.9 (1.0)	<.005	.049	.010	.684
CES	AC	16	2.3 (0.6)	2.6 (1.0)	2.6 (0.8)	.175
Tension/Anxiety	INV	18	6.6 (4.4)	5.6 (3.2)	5.1 (3.2)	.209	.771	.707	.782
Tension/Anxiety	AC	16	8.8 (5.0)	8.1 (6.5)	7.3 (5.3)	.448
Depression/Dejection	INV	18	5.8 (5.9)	4.6 (5.9)	5.8 (5.0)	.617	.718	.515	.630
Depression/Dejection	AC	14	8.9 (7.5)	7.6 (6.1)	6.9 (7.6)	.601
Anger/Hostility	INV	18	3.9 (4.4)	3.0 (3.4)	3.1 (3.9)	.476	.942	.515	.630
Anger/Hostility	AC	14	4.0 (5.1)	4.6 (5.8)	4.0 (6.4)	.908
Vigor/Activity	INV	18	13.8 (4.9)	15.4 (6.4)	14.5 (5.6)	.724	.317	.286	.873
Vigor/Activity	AC	14	14.7 (5.3)	15.1 (3.2)	14.5 (4.7)	.835
Fatigue/Inertia	INV	18	8.3 (5.8)	7.3 (5.8)	7.7 (6.1)	.956	.557	.537	1.00
Fatigue/Inertia	AC	14	9.6 (6.6)	8.2 (5.5)	8.1 (6.3)	.183
Confusion/Bewilderment	INV	18	4.9 (2.8)	4.7 (2.6)	5.4 (3.4)	.785	.404	843	.667
Confusion/Bewilderment	AC	12	7.8 (5.7)	6.7 (4.6)	7.3 (4.2)	.975
Total POMS	INV	18	15.7 (16.0)	9.7 (17.6)	12.6 (17.6)	.412	.988	.811	.682
Total POMS	AC	12	24.1 (27.7)	19.5 (25.5)	18.9 (28.1)	.607

Note. Patients in INV group received exercise interaction; those in AC group received an attention-control intervention. Means and SDs are calculated using only cases having data on given subscale for all three time points.

The Friedman test compared scores at the three times within each group.

Change scores were calculated for pairwise combinations of times and compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U tests. All available cases were used in calculations of difference scores.