Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regression analysis of demographic, clinical and histological characteristics in elderly patients with NAFLD: Characteristics independently associated with definite NASH and advanced fibrosis
| Characteristics | Unadjusted†
|
Adjusted‡
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P | OR (95%CI) | P | |
| Definite NASH* | ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Female (vs male) | 1.62 (0.45, 5.80) | 0.46 | 1.15 (0.18, 7.50) | 0.79 |
| Age (years) | 0.86 (0.72,1.04) | 0.11 | 0.65 (0.46, 0.91) | 0.01 |
| White (vs non-white) | 0.69 (0.16, 2.88) | 0.61 | 0.30 (0.04, 2.27) | 0.25 |
| Hispanic (vs nonHispanic) | 2.53 (0.28, 22.71) | 0.41 | n/s | |
| Ever smoked regular (vs not) | 0.89 (0.29, 2.73) | 0.84 | -- | |
| Clinical | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease (yes vs no) | 1.04 (0.24, 4.48) | 0.91 | -- | |
| Type 2 diabetes (yes vs no) | 1.75 (0.43, 7.19) | 0.44 | n/s | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.04 (0.93, 1.18) | 0.47 | n/s | |
| Laboratory markers | ||||
| AST (U/L) | 1.08 (1.02, 1.13) | 0.01 | 1.12 (1.03, 1.22) | 0.007 |
| ALT (U/L) | 1.02 (1.00, 1.05) | 0.06 | n/s | |
| GGT (U/L) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) | 0.10 | n/s | |
| Platelets (1000/mm3) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.02 | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.02 |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (yes vs no) | 1.09 (0.35, 3.38) | 0.89 | n/s | |
| Low HDL (yes vs no) | 1.41 (0.46, 4.37) | 0.55 | n/s | |
| High blood pressure (yes vs no) | 0.60 (0.18, 2.01) | 0.41 | n/s | |
| HOMA-IR (mg/dL × lU/mL/405) | 1.03 (0.89, 1.18) | 0.70 | n/s | |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.48 | n/s | |
| Advanced fibrosis (yes vs no) | 3.56 (1.00, 12.64) | 0.05 | n/s | |
| Advanced Fibrosis* | ||||
| Demographics | ||||
| Female (vs males) | 1.08 (0.32, 3.59) | 0.90 | 0.44 (0.06, 2.79) | 0.38 |
| Age (years) | 1.13 (0.5, 1.36) | 0.17 | 1.34 (0.97, 1.87) | 0.08 |
| Ever smoked regular (vs not) | 1.41 (0.51, 3.88) | 0.51 | n/s | |
| White (vs non-white) | 0.82 (0.24, 2.83) | 0.76 | 2.92 (0.40, 21.19) | 0.29 |
| Clinical | ||||
| Cardiovascular disease (yes vs not) | 4.35 (1.03, 18.4) | 0.05 | n/s | |
| Type 2 diabetes (yes vs no) | 1.14 (0.35, 3.66) | 0.83 | n/s | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 1.18 (1.03, 135) | 0.02 | n/s | |
| Laboratory markers | ||||
| AST (U/L) | 1.00 (0.99, 1.01) | 0.64 | 1.08 (1.02, 1.14) | 0.007 |
| ALT (U/L) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.12 | 0.91 (0.86, 0.97) | 0.002 |
| GGT (U/L) | 1.01 (1.00, 1.02) | 0.04 | n/s | |
| Platelets (1000/mm3) | 0.98 (0.97, 1.00) | 0.01 | n/s | |
| Hypertriglyceridemia (yes vs no) | 1.50 (0.54, 4.18) | 0.44 | n/s | |
| Low HDL (yes vs no) | 3.21 (1.08, 9.59) | 0.04 | 8.35 (1.50, 46.5) | 0.02 |
| HOMA-IR (mg/dL × lU/mL/405) | 1.15 (1.00, 1.32) | 0.05 | n/s | |
| High blood pressure (yes vs no) | 2.54 (0.85, 7.58) | 0.10 | n/s | |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.58 | n/s | |
| Definite NASH (yes vs no) | 3.56 (1.00, 12.64) | 0.05 | 10.37 (1.22, 87.94) | 0.03 |
Total number=59; no. with definite NASH = 42, not definite NASH =17; no. with advanced fibrosis = 25, not advanced =34
Unadjusted odds ratios and p-values determined from logistic regression of either definite NASH or advanced fibrosis on each characteristic.
The adjusted model determined from backward stepwise regression of either definite NASH or advanced fibrosis on the candidate set forcing age, gender and race into the model. If the characteristic was not in the final model, n/s was used to indicate to indicate this. Smoking and CVD were excluded from the candidate set for definite NASH due to non-collinearity (noted with --); ethnicity was excluded from the candidate set for the advanced fibrosis model due to no non-Hispanic males with fibrosis.