Table 2.
A comparison of serum and urine AKI biomarkers, isolated 48 h and median concentrations, before the development of AKI
| Biomarker | No-AKI | AKI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 66 (55–78) n = 16 | 78 (65–88) n = 18 | 0.12 |
| (48 h) Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 66 (50–86) n = 16 | 79 (71–96) n = 18 | 0.13 |
| Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 105 (83–115) n = 16 | 89 (66–109) n = 18 | 0.2 |
| (48 h) eGFR | 100 (83–133) | 77 (67–107) | 0.09 |
| Median cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.08 (0.28) n = 15 | 1.38 (0.44) n = 15 | 0.04 |
| (48 h) Cystatin C (mg/L) | 1.04 (0.85–1.18) n = 15 | 1.28 (1.0–1.8) n = 15 | 0.09 |
| Median serum NGAL (ng/mL) | 154 (116–228) n = 15 | 235 (171–510) n = 18 | 0.09 |
| (48 h) Serum NGAL (ng/mL) | 143 (94–236) | 271 (166–551) | 0.05 |
| Median CRP (mg/L) | 11 (6–32) n = 17 | 54 (9–144) n = 16 | 0.07 |
| Median urine NGAL (ng/mL) | 60 (39–100) n = 16 | 87 (44–144) n = 15 | 0.17 |
| (48 h) Urine NGAL (ng/mL) | 65 (32–114) | 79 (57–171) | 0.17 |
| Median normalised urine NGAL (ng/mg urine creatinine) | 78 (48–142) n = 10 | 154 (109–257) n = 7 | 0.028 |
AKI, acute kidney injury; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, glomerular filtration rate; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.
Medians expressed with interquartile range (25:75) or mean expressed with standard deviation.
(48 h) – measured 48 h prior to the development of AKI.