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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Horm Behav. 2013 Jul;64(2):380–389. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.01.016

Figure 2. Cued extinction learning and spontaneous recovery across development in mice and humans.

Figure 2

(A) Behavioral paradigms for parallel fear conditioning experiments in humans and mice. (B) Analysis of extinction indices [(Averaged first two extinction trials) – (Averaged last two extinction trials)] reveals a main effect of age group for humans, such that adolescents display attenuated fear extinction learning compared to children and adults, [adolescent .05916 ± 0.06904; children .25435 ± 0.04839; adults 0. 22510 ± 0.05931). (C) A lack of extinction learning and retention of extinction memory in is observed in adolescent mice, as displayed by a significantly decreased differential extinction indices [(Day 1, Tone 1) – (Day 4, Tone 5)] compared to older and younger ages, [(P23 66.5% ± 2.75; P29 14.72% ± 4.79; P70 35.17% ± 4.89). Adapted from Figure 1 of Pattwell et al., 2012.