Figure 1.

Growth, physiology, and molecular characteristics of S. bayanus. (A–C) Growth of S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus at different temperatures. (D) Temperature shifts in S. bayanus. Cultures were shifted at the 120-min timepoint. (E) Temperature shifts in S. cerevisiae, as in D. (F) Diauxic shift in S. bayanus. Culture density, ethanol concentration, and glucose concentration were monitored. (G) Response of S. bayanus to stress. Culture density was measured as absorbance at 600 nm in an overnight culture. Concentrations are in millimolar, except for cadmium (10× μM), ammonium (M), and bleach (%). (H) Survival during nutrient starvation of S. bayanus and S. cerevisiae. Strains were growth to saturation in chemostat medium with the indicated limiting nutrient (phosphate or sulfate), and viability was measured over time. (I) 2μ plasmid is absent in a pure S. bayanus strain but present in a hybrid. Genomic DNA was restriction digested and hybridized with a probe corresponding to the 2μ plasmid.