Table 1.
Signs | Probe site | Diagnostic targets | Normal | Abnormal |
---|---|---|---|---|
LVSD | Parasternal long axis | Distance from the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve to the septum during diastole | ≤1 cm | >1 cm |
LAE | Parasternal long axis | Anteroposterior diameter of the LA versus overlying aorta throughout the cardiac cycle | Aorta > LA | LA > Aorta |
ULC+ | Bilateral lung apices | Number of lung comets in either lung apex | <3 | ≥3 |
eCVP | Subcostal | Percent luminal diameter reduction of IVC with respiration, without forced “sniffing” | >50% | ≤50% |