Biomarker |
Composition |
Change |
Purpose |
Reference |
|
Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis/Prognosis |
Taskén et al., 2005; Veeramani et al., 2005; Makarov et al., 2009
|
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Li and Beling, 1973; Ercole et al., 1987; Stamey et al., 1987
|
Biomarker candidate |
|
|
|
|
|
α-Methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Rogers et al., 2004 |
B7-H3 |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis/Prognosis |
Roth et al., 2007 |
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) |
Protein |
Decrease |
Prognosis |
Thompson et al., 2010 |
Chromogranin A (CGA, GRN-A) |
Protein |
Increase |
Prognosis |
Deftos, 1998 |
DAB2 interacting protein (DAB2IP) |
Protein |
Decrease |
Diagnosis |
Chen et al., 2002 |
Endoglin (CD 105) |
Protein |
Increase |
Prognosis |
Wikström et al., 2002 |
Early prostate cancer antigen (EPCA) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Getzenberg et al., 1991 |
Goligiphosphoprotein 2 (GOLPH2) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Kristiansen et al., 2008 |
Glutathione S-transferase P1 gene (GSTP1) |
DNA |
Hypermethylation (decrease) |
Diagnosis |
Lee et al., 1994 |
Human kallikrein 2 (hK2) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Becker et al., 2000 |
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) |
Protein |
Increase |
Prognosis |
Hobisch et al., 1998 |
Ki-67 |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Gerdes et al., 1984; |
P504S/p63 |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Harvey et al., 2010 |
Prolactin-inducible protein (PIP/GCTFP15) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Tian et al., 2004 |
Prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Liu et al., 2007 |
Prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3 or DD3) |
RNA |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Bussemakers et al., 1999 |
PDLIM4 gene (PDLIM4) |
DNA |
Hypermethylation (decrease) |
Diagnosis |
Vanaja et al., 2006 |
Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) |
Protein |
Increase |
Prognosis |
Reiter et al., 1998 |
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Brawer et al., 1992 |
Sarcosine |
Metabolite (Chemical) |
Increase (in urine) |
Diagnosis |
Sreekumar et al., 2009 |
STAMP1 |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Korkmaz et al., 2002 |
STAMP2 |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Korkmaz et al., 2005 |
STEAP |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis |
Hubert et al., 1999 |
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) |
Protein |
Increase |
Prognosis |
Truong et al., 1993 |
Urokinase plasminogen activation (uPA) |
Protein |
Increase |
Diagnosis/Prognosis |
Gupta et al., 2009 |