Table 3. Physiological data obtained from aerobic batch fermentations.
| S. cerevisiae | Z. bailii | ||||
| Control | 9 g L−1 acetic acid | Control | 24 g L−1 acetic acid | ||
| Specific production/consumption rate | |||||
| µmax, Glucose phase | h−1 | 0.44±0.01 | 0.30±0.00 | 0.24±0.01 | 0.23±0.01 |
| µmax, Acetic acid phase | h−1 | N/A | N/A | N/A | 0.12±0.01 |
| qGlucose | cmol×cmol DW−1×h−1 | −2.87±0.02 | −2.63±0.06 | −1.51±0.14 | −0.62±0.02 |
| qAcetic acid | cmol×cmol DW−1×h−1 | 0.05±0.00 | −0.14±0.02 | 0.00±0.00 | −0.37±0.01 |
| Yield from total substrate | |||||
| Yx/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.15±0.00 | 0.11±0.00 | 0.16±0.02 | 0.23±0.00 |
| YEtOH/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.45±0.01 | 0.46±0.00 | 0.38±0.01 | 0.14±0.01 |
| YAcetic acid/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.02±0.00 | N/A | 0.00±0.00 | N/A |
| YGlycerol/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.03±0.00 | 0.01±0.00 | 0.05±0.01 | 0.04±0.04 |
| YPyruvate/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.004±0.000 | 0.005±0.000 | 0.005±0.001 | 0.004±0.000 |
| YSuccinate/s | cmol×cmol−1 | 0.000±0.001 | 0.000±0.000 | 0.003±0.001 | 0.000±0.000 |
| Lag phase before initial growth | |||||
| Lag phase | h | 0.25±0.05 | 1.07±0.06 | 0.38±0.07 | 6.77±0.41 |
S. cerevisiae and Z. bailii were cultured in minimal medium using bioreactors. Different amounts of acetic acid were added to the medium to stress the microorganisms equally. The results were calculated from at least three biological replicates, and are given as the means ± standard deviation.