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. 2013 Sep 4;8(9):e72530. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072530

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© 2013 Steglich et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

PMC Copyright notice

Swab samples taken on the indicated days from oropharynx of MDA- chickens (A) immunized with chNDVFHN _PMV8H5 at three weeks of age and swabs combined from oropharynx and cloaca of MDA+ chickens (B) immunized on day 1 (group a) or day 7 (group b) after hatch were analyzed for the presence of NDV NP gene-specific RNA by RT-qPCR. Values were transformed to genome equivalents (GEQ) using calibration curves of defined RNA standards that were included with each RT-qPCR run. The number of positive swabs by RT-qPCR is given below the box plots. Significant differences (P < 0.0125, Bonferroni correction) between vaccinated groups and controls are indicated (*).