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. 2013 Fall;12(3):542–552. doi: 10.1187/cbe.11-08-0066

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© 2013 J. J. Smith et al. CBE—Life Sciences Education © 2013 The American Society for Cell Biology. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). It is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0).

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Figure 4. — Comparison of learning gains (%) on the PhAT during Fall 2008 (n = 205) and Fall 2009 (n = 163). Significant increases in learning gains were observed between Fall 2008 and Fall 2009 for parts A, B′, and B″ of the PhAT, as well as for the total score on the PhAT. Significance of differences across years was determined using t tests (two-tailed). *, significant at α = 0.05; **, significant at α = 0.01; ***, significant at α = 0.001; n.s., not significant.