Table 1.

Data Inputs for Model Variables

Description	Mean	95% Range		Source
		Lower Limit	Upper Limit
		Costs, US $
IV antiviral peramivira	20	—	—	PDR Red Book10
Hospitalization per day
18–44 y	1822	1037	2607	AHRQ8
45–64 y	1465	110	2820	AHRQ8
65–84 y	1333	805	1861	AHRQ8
Ventilation per day
18–44 y	2397	1605	3189	AHRQ8
45–64 y	2194	1611	2777	AHRQ8
65–84 y	2066	1545	2587	AHRQ8
Death in hospital	6921	5191	9025	AHRQ8; Gould et al11
Median hourly wageb	15.57	8.59	42.15	Bureau of Labor Statistics12
PCR test	10	7.37	29	Syrmis et al13; Chidlow et al14
Durations
Hospitalized, dc
18–44 y	2	1.8	2.2	AHRQ8
45–64 y	3	2.7	3.3	AHRQ8
65–84 y	4	3.8	4.2	AHRQ8
Ventilated, dd	12	6	20	Kumar et al15
Hourly wage, US $	8	—	Assumption
Utilities
1 y Of adult life, QALY
20–64 y	0.92	—	—	Gold et al16
65–70 y	0.84	—	—	Gold et al16
Utility
Influenza with hospitalization, QALY	0.5	0.38	0.63	Sackett and Torrance17; Tengs and Wallace18
Probabilities
Clinical outcomes without vaccination
Mortality given influenza with hospitalization
18–44 y	0.0099	0.0086	0.0112	AHRQ8
45–64 y	0.0099	0.0086	0.0112	AHRQ8
65–84 y	0.0144	0.0117	0.0171	AHRQ8
Mortality given influenza with ventilation	0.45	0.33	0.52	Jain et al19; Rello et al20; Li et al21
Parents’ income with children <18 y old				Bureau of Labor Statistics22,23
Single income	0.1370	0.0374	0.2366
Dual income	0.4816	0.4803	0.4832
PCR test
Sensitivity	0.963	0.815	0.988	Chidlow et al14
Specificity	0.996	0.989	1	Chidlow et al14
IV antiviral efficacye	0.78	0	0.98	Jefferson et al24

AHRQ indicates Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; IV, intravenous; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; QALY, quality-adjusted life-year.

^aSensitivity analyses on daily cost of IV antiviral agents (baseline oseltamivir phosphate, $20, $100, $500, and $1000).

^bEightieth percentile wages from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.¹²

^cNonventilated population.

^dVentilated population.

^eBaseline IV antiviral based on oral oseltamivir, symptom reduction, and hospital stay for 1 d.