Figure 4.

A–H, FoxD3 colocalization and regulation by stress. Combined FoxD3 in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for a marker of neurons (NeuN) or glia was conducted on rat retrosplenial (A, D) or PFC (B, E, G) or human PFC (C, F, H). Black emulsion grains can be clearly seen over brown DAB-stained NeuN-positive cells (arrow). I, J, The influence of chronic stress, either restraint or unpredictable stress (I), or antidepressant administration (3 weeks) on FoxD3 expression (J) was determined using a ³⁵S-labeled antisense riboprobe. Chronic unpredictable stress, but not restraint stress, increased the expression of FoxD3 by ∼15% in the prefrontal cortex. The results are expressed as the mean ± SEM (n = 9 for stress, n = 3 or 4 for antidepressants). *p < 0.01 compared with control (unpaired t test).