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. 2013 Sep 5;4:317. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00317

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Copyright © 2013 Reinprecht, Yadegari, Perry, Siddiqua, Wright, McClean and Pauls.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Scheme of the phenylpropanoid pathway in common bean and soybean. Enzymes and transcription factors of the phenylpropanoid pathway [based on biochemical and genetic studies of several plant species and (KEGG Pathway database (http://www.genome.jp/kegg/pathway.html)] are presented in uppercase letters: PAL, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (EC:4.3.1.24); C4H, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.11); 4CL, 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (EC:6.2.1.12); C3H, 4-coumarate 3-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.-); COMT, caffeate O-methyltransferase (EC:2.1.1.68); F5H, ferulic acid 5-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.-.-); CCoOMT, caffeoyl CoA O-methyltransferase (EC:2.1.1.104); CCR, cinnamoyl CoA-reductase (EC:1.2.1.44); HCT, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: shikimate/guinate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase (EC:2.3.1.133); CAD, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (EC:1.1.1.195); LAC, laccase (EC:1.10.3.2); PER, lignin peroxydase (EC:1.11.1.7); PLR, pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase; DP, dirigent protein; STS, stilbene synthase; CHS, chalcone synthase (EC:2.3.1.74); CHI, chalcone isomerase (EC:5.5.1.6); FNS, flavone synthase (EC:1.14.11.22); F3H, flavanone 3-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.11.9); F3′H, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.21); F3′5′H, flavonoid 3′5′-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.88); FLS, flavonol synthase (EC:1.14.11.23); DFR, dihydroflavanol 4-reductase (EC:1.1.1.219); ANS (LDOX), anthocyanidin synthase (EC:1.14.11.19); UF3GT, UDP glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (EC:2.4.1.115); 3RT, anthocyanidin-3-glucoside rhamnosyl transferase (EC:2.4.1.-); AAT, anthocyanin 5-aromatic acyltransferase (EC:2.3.1.153); AMT, anthocyanin methyltransferase; GST, glutathione S-transferase (EC:2.5.1.18); VT, vacuolar transporter; LAR, leucoanthocyanidin reductase (EC:1.17.1.3); ANR, anthocyanidin 4-reductase (1.3.1.77); GT, glucosyltransferase; MATE, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion; CE, condensed enzymes; PPO, polyphenol oxidase (EC:1.10.3.1); CHR, chalcone reductase (EC:1.1.1.-); IFS, 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase (EC:1.14.13.86); HIDH, 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase (EC:4.2.1.105); 7IOMT, isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase (EC:2.1.1.150); I2'H, isoflavone 2′-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.89); IFR, isoflavanone reductase (EC:1.3.1.45); F6H, flavonoid 6-hydroxylase (EC:1.14.13.-); HI4′OMT, isoflavone 4-O-methyltransferase (EC:2.1.1.46); IF7MaT, isoflavone 7-O-methyltransferase (EC:2.3.1.115); VR, vestitone reductase (EC:1.1.1.-); DMID, dihydroxy-methoxy-isoflavanol dehydratase; G4DT, pterocarpan 4-dimethylallyltransferase; PTS, pterocarpan synthase (EC:1.1.1.246); KAP2, H-box-binding TF (CHS); Myb4, R2R3-type Myb TF (PAL); LIM1, TF LIM1 domain protein (lignin); HD-GL2, TF homeodomain protein GL2 like 1/ANL2; Myb15, R2R3-type Myb TF; WIP, TF zinc finger WIP (TT1); TGA1, basic domain/leucine zipper TF. Common bean genes cloned in this study are shown in bold red.