Table 2.
Metabolome and lipidome cluster descriptions
| Cluster name | Cluster size | Cluster description | p value | Examples of metabolites |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LC1 | 22 | Diverse, odd- and short-chain TGs, ether lipids | 0.50 | PE(36:6e), TG(46:2) (↑), TG(42:0), TG(49:0) (↑) |
| LC2 | 130 | Diverse, lysoPCs, SMs, PCs | 0.033 | lysoPC(16:0) (↓), lysoPC(18:0) (↓), SM(d18:0/18:0), SM(d18:1/24:1), SM(d18:1/16:0) (↓), PC(34:2), PC(18:1/22:6) (↓) |
| LC3 | 30 | Ether lipids (PEs) | 0.70 | PE(34:6e), PE(34:4e), PE(34:3e) |
| LC4 | 82 | Ether PCs, PEs | 0.036 | PC(O-24:1/20:4) (↓), PC(34:1e) (↓), PC(34:2p) (↓), PE(38:2) (↓), PE(36:2) (↓) |
| LC5 | 24 | PUFA-containing PCs, PEs and TGs | 0.070 | PC(38:6), PC(40:6), PE(38:5), TG(58:8) (↑), TG(16:0/16:1/22:6) (↑) |
| LC6 | 32 | Unknown | 0.99 | |
| LC7 | 57 | C18:2-containing TGs | 0.097 | TG(16:0/18:2/18:1), TG(18:1/16:1/18:2), TG(18:1/18:2/18:1) |
| LC8 | 4 | Unknown | 0.11 | |
| LC9 | 32 | SFA- and MUFA-containing TGs | 7.34 × 10−6 | TG(16:0/18:1/18:1) (↑), TG(16:0/16:0/18:1) (↑), TG(16:0/18:1/20:1) (↑) |
(↑) and (↓) mark significant up- and downregulation, respectively, for individually listed metabolites
p values were determined using the two-sided t test (NAFLD+ vs NAFLD− groups in the biomarker-discovery cohort)
MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acid; PE, phosphatidylethanolamine; SFA, saturated fatty acid; SM, sphingomyelin