Table 2.

Sample Characteristics by Three Generation Household and Mother’s Relationship Status at the Birth of the Child (N=4,898)

	All		Married		Cohabiting		Single
Three Generation	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
Economics N	1270	3628	108	1082	299	1481	864	1064
Mother’s education
Less than high school	40.33	29.66	20.55	14.67	49.93	35.14	39.35	38.74
High school degree	31.38	29.81	25.87	18.94	26.43	35.85	33.83	33.33
Some college	24.59	26.16	37.43	28.52	22.10	25.44	23.89	24.52
College and above	3.69	14.36	16.15	37.87	1.53	3.57	2.93	3.41
Grandmother’s education
Less than High School	18.01	22.74	28.26	21.81	24.84	25.27	14.31	20.06
High School	57.14	51.39	50.64	42.09	56.43	52.93	58.20	59.77
Some college	14.33	13.54	7.34	16.35	10.89	12.65	16.42	11.64
College and above	10.51	12.33	13.76	19.75	7.83	9.15	11.06	8.52
Culture
Mothers’ race/ethnicity
White non-Hispanic	13.91	25.24	34.77	45.60	17.01	19.32	11.48	10.63
Black non-Hispanic	56.81	44.21	29.36	23.75	43.63	44.78	64.90	66.83
Hispanic	25.78	26.92	26.15	23.58	35.86	33.88	20.89	20.44
Other non-Hispanic	3.50	3.63	9.72	7.07	3.50	2.02	2.73	2.10
Mother lived with both
parents at age 15	38.81	46.08	61.47	65.77	37.96	41.25	36.30	30.69
Mother is an immigrant	10.11	17.81	33.21	25.08	14.33	17.26	5.75	10.30
Grandparent is an immigrant	16.58	21.82	42.38	28.52	19.42	22.16	12.38	13.62
Religion
No religion	11.50	10.49	7.52	6.09	10.63	12.08	12.30	13.22
Protestant	55.16	49.33	39.82	42.69	49.75	47.87	58.99	59.08
Catholic	26.04	30.68	37.43	36.74	34.59	33.36	21.58	19.75
Other	7.30	9.50	15.23	14.48	5.03	6.69	7.13	7.95
Generational needs
Mother’s age at birth (years)	22.08	26.38	26.68	29.62	21.76	24.64	21.63	25.23
Mother’s first birth	55.09	32.66	33.39	35.41	46.24	33.67	60.93	28.03
Baby low birth weight	10.86	9.26	4.95	5.67	8.73	9.81	12.36	12.53
Grandparent depression	29.92	32.52	30.83	33.54	33.31	32.62	28.60	31.21
Grandparent substance abuse	33.54	34.70	35.59	28.88	35.16	38.43	32.71	35.84
Relationship status
Married	8.36	31.59	-	-	-	-	-	-
Cohabiting	24.09	40.85	-	-	-	-	-	-
Single	67.55	27.56	-	-	-	-	-	-

Note: Italicized figures represent statistically significant differences at the p<.05. All variables are from the baseline survey unless measured at a later wave but considered an unchanging characteristic.