Table 2. Representative parameters of physiological factors underlying mobility for each age group.
| Y | M | O | |
| (n = 24) | (n = 24) | (n = 24) | |
| T vent | |||
 (ml kg–1 min–1) |
27.0±5.0* ‡ | 22.7±6.1† | 16.0±2.8 |
| HR (beats min–1) | 141.4±14.0* | 143.2±13.1† | 116.0±14.0 |
| Load (W) | 130.8±25.7* | 126.2±42.0† | 74.7±17.8 |
| MVC | |||
| Peak torque (N m kg–1) | 2.46±0.68* ‡ | 1.91±0.58 | 1.55±0.47 |
| RFD (N m s–1) | 1095.0±328.2* | 1007.9±311.5 | 855.4±270.3 |
| CMJ | |||
| Flight time (s) | 0.47±0.06* ‡ | 0.38±0.07† | 0.30±0.06 |
| V-peak power (W kg–1) | 52.0±14.7* | 47.9±22.2† | 24.7±5.9 |
| STS | |||
| V-peak power (W kg–1) | 16.4±4.2* ‡ | 12.7±3.4 | 10.5±3.7 |
| AP-peak power (W kg–1) | 1.55±0.65* | 1.20±0.53 | 1.02±0.43 |
| sEMG | |||
| MFCV (m s−1) | 4.43±0.47 | 4.06±0.67 | 4.31±0.57 |
| Coactivation (%) | 29.6±20.5 | 31.7±22.5 | 26.2±22.8 |
Values are means ± SD of the following mobility parameters: oxygen consumption (
), heart rate (HR), and mechanical load at ventilatory threshold (Tvent) during incremental cycling; vertical (V) and antero-posterior (AP) peak power during chair rising (STS) at maximal intensity; flight time and peak power during a countermovement jump (CMJ); peak torque and rate of force development (RFD) during isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of knee extensor muscles; muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) of vastus lateralis and the antagonist coactivation from surface electromyography (sEMG) during knee extension maximal voluntary contraction.
= significantly different between young (Y) and older (O) participants;
= significantly different between middle-aged (M) and older participants;
significantly different between young and middle-aged participants.