Table 1.
Association between hyperphosphatemia and selected biochemical, socio-demographic and health history variables
| |
Phosphorus ≥ 4.4 mg/dL |
Phosphorus < 4.4 mg/dL |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Means±SE or % | Means±SE or % | ||
| Biochemical |
|
|
|
| Albumin (g/dL) |
4.31±0.01 |
4.26±0.01 |
<0.01 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (mg/dL) |
12.80±0.16 |
12.66±0.40 |
0.74 |
| BUN ≥ 20 mg/dL |
6.78 |
8.63 |
0.51 |
| Vitamin D (25-0H-D) (ng/ml) |
24.45±0.51 |
22.81±0.60 |
0.01 |
| Vitamin D <10 (25-OH-D) (ng/ml) |
4.05 |
5.58 |
0.12 |
| Vitamin D >30 (25-OH-D) (ng/ml) |
21.82 |
16.68 |
0.10 |
| Parathyroid hormone(pg/mL) |
38.25±1.48 |
44.09±1.64 |
0.02 |
| Total calcium (mg/dL) |
9.57±0.01 |
9.44±0.01 |
<0.01 |
| Corrected calcium (mg/dL) |
9.59±0.01 |
9.44±0.01 |
<0.01 |
| Calcium >10 mg/dL |
7.19 |
3.99 |
<0.01 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) |
202.14±1.15 |
194.90±1.88 |
<0.01 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) |
0.84±0.004 |
0.86±0.01 |
0.11 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) |
5.29±0.04 |
5.45±0.08 |
0.10 |
| eGFR (MDRD) |
94.57±1.01 |
92.31±0.73 |
0.051 |
| eGFR (CKD-Epi) |
98.16±0.60 |
95.90±1.09 |
0.052 |
| Hemoglobin A1c |
5.49±0.02 |
5.54±0.03 |
0.15 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) |
99.52±0.86 |
103.99±0.52 |
<0.01 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) |
0.36±0.02 |
0.37±0.01 |
0.55 |
| Anemia and Iron |
|
|
|
| Low hemoglobin levels* |
6.62 |
5.04 |
0.03 |
| Low hematocrit levels^ |
13.2 |
11.44 |
0.07 |
| Low hemoglobin or hematocrit |
13.51 |
11.69 |
0.08 |
| Low Ferritin <12 ng/mL |
12.78 |
11.96 |
0.60 |
| High Transferrin Sat > 4.6 g/L |
16.02 |
14.36 |
0.36 |
| Socio-demographics |
|
|
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
| Male |
12.73 |
87.27 |
<0.01 |
| Female |
17.66 |
82.34 |
|
| Age (years) |
42.34±0.49 |
45.91±0.65 |
<0.01 |
| Ethnicity |
|
|
|
| Mexican |
14.16 |
85.84 |
0.56 |
| Other Hispanic |
14.24 |
85.76 |
|
| White |
15.29 |
84.71 |
|
| Black |
15.16 |
84.84 |
|
| Other Race |
16.65 |
83.35 |
|
| Poverty income Ratio |
3.07±0.06 |
3.08±0.05 |
0.90 |
| Poverty income Ratio <1 |
14.54 |
13.07 |
0.14 |
| Health History and Diet |
|
|
|
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) |
27.86±0.20 |
28.75±0.25 |
<0.01 |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) |
31.32 |
36.08 |
0.08 |
| Self reported diabetes |
|
|
|
| Yes |
7.76 |
92.24 |
0.07 |
| No |
16.32 |
83.68 |
|
| Phosphorus Intake mg/day |
1410.25±21.91 |
1364.69±23.43 |
0.14 |
| Steroids (>past 30 days, any) |
0.70 |
0.44 |
0.20 |
| Envrionmental Phenols |
|
|
|
| Urinary Benzopheone-3 (ng/mL) |
|
|
|
| ≤6 |
15.62 |
84.38 |
0.13 |
| >6 & ≤30.1 |
13.07 |
86.93 |
|
| >30.1 |
16.98 |
83.02 |
|
| Urinary Bisphenol A (ng/mL) |
|
|
|
| <1.3 |
16.05 |
83.95 |
0.72 |
| ≥1.3 & <3 |
14.45 |
85.55 |
|
| ≥3 |
15.47 |
84.53 |
|
| Urinary Tricolsan (ng/mL) |
|
|
|
| ≤4.2 |
15.78 |
84.22 |
0.63 |
| >4.2 & <23.3 |
16.07 |
83.93 |
|
| ≥23.3 | 14.51 | 85.49 |
*Low hemoglogin is defined as <12g/dL for women and <13g/dL for men.
^ Low hematocrit was defined as <36% for women and <41% for men.