A. Actin was stained with green phalloidin and nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue) in myoblast incubated with free amino acid medium to simulated starvation (Starve media) (i), with amino acid (AA) (ii), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (iii) or amino acid combined with IGF1 (IGF1+AA) (iv). B. Expression profiles of hsp90α1a, hsp90α1b, hsp90α2a and hsp90α2b in 10 day myogenic cell cultures starved for 72h (Starve media) and then treated with amino acid (AA), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) or a combination of both (AA+IGF1) for 24h. Values represent mean ± SE from 5 independent cell cultures. For ease of interpretation, values of starved cells (Starve media) were transformed so the mean value = 1. C. Akt and mTOR phosphorylation in response to Starve media, AA, IGF1 and AA+IGF1 treatments. Relative units were obtained by normalizing the phosphorylated-protein to the total protein.
Values represent mean ± SE from 5 different cultures. Different letters indicate significant differences between means (P<0.05).