Figure 2. Survival and residency, spillover, and gene flow of lobsters in Skagerrak.

(A) Survival and residency of 30 lobsters within a MPA over one year. Crosses indicate censored individuals, where the depth sensor has emitted nonsensical depth readings and the individual is out of the study. (B) Movement distances by lobsters tagged within reserves and recovered by recreational and commercial fishers outside reserves (grey bars), and recaptured by the authors within the reserves during the annual research trapping (black bars). The bars are stacked and movement distances are classified into increments of 100 m. *Note that four lobsters were recovered by fishers beyond 8200 m (11.5, 15, 15, and 21 km away from reserve centres). (C) Regression between pairwise F_ST and geographic distance between samples.