Table 2.
Autistic impairments and neurobehavioral characteristics
| Characteristics | Patient 1 | Patient 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Autistic behavioral domains and autism diagnosisa |
|
|
| ADI–R |
|
|
| Abnormalities of development evident at or before age 36 months (cutoff = 1) |
5 |
4 |
| Nonverbal communication (cutoff = 7) |
14 |
12 |
| Reciprocal social interaction (cutoff = 10) |
26 |
23 |
| Repetitive behaviors and stereotyped patterns (cutoff = 3) |
9 |
9 |
| ADOS (module 1) |
|
|
| Communication (cutoff = 4) |
5 |
5 |
| Reciprocal social interaction (cutoff = 7) |
13 |
8 |
| Communication + social interaction total (cutoff = 12) |
18 |
13 |
| Play |
3 |
1 |
| Repetitive behaviors and stereotyped patterns |
5 |
4 |
| Expressive behaviors |
|
|
| Verbal language |
None (total absence of words) |
None (total absence of words) |
| Self-injurious behaviors | Ear-slapping, hand-biting | Self-scratching until bleeding, elbow-banging |
aAccording to the ADI–R (parental interview) or the ADOS (direct observation of the patient) algorithm, the DSM-IV-TR and the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for autistic disorder are fulfilled when the total scores of each domain reach the cutoff point.