Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants by rurality and socioeconomic status
| Mean ± SD / n (%) | Rural (n = 215) | Urban (n = 1592) | Low SES (n = 726) | High SES (n = 905) | Total (N = 1807) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sociodemographic characteristics | |||||
| Age |
65.0 ± 10.5 |
65.4 ± 10.4 |
64.9 ± 10.7 |
65.5 ± 10.1 |
65.4 ± 10.4 |
| Sex (% men) |
147 (68.4) |
1208 (75.9)* |
524 (72.2) |
719 (79.4)** |
1357 (75.0) |
| Ethnicity (% white) |
173 (85.2) |
1271 (83.2) |
580 (82.4) |
762 (85.3) |
1446 (83.4) |
| Marital status (% married) |
169 (79.0) |
1223 (77.6) |
517 (72.2) |
739 (82.3)*** |
1392 (77.8) |
| Education (% ≥ High school) |
142 (69.3) |
1170 (75.6) |
467 (66.1) |
731 (83.7)*** |
1312 (74.8) |
| Work status (% Retired) |
110 (54.2) |
793 (51.7) |
371 (52.0) |
465 (52.1) |
905 (52.0) |
| Annual family income (% ≥ $50,000CAD) |
72 (44.4) |
656 (50.7) |
187 (30.9) |
511 (66.5)*** |
730 (50.0) |
|
Clinical characteristics | |||||
| Body mass index |
29.5 ± 5.99 |
29.0 ± 5.35 |
29.6 ± 6.15* |
28.8 ± 4.90 |
29.0 ± 5.40 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft surgery |
72 (33.5) |
670 (42.4)* |
286 (39.7) |
385 (42.8) |
743 (41.3) |
| Myocardial infarction |
59 (27.4) |
442 (28.0) |
210 (29.2) |
237 (26.3) |
502 (28.0) |
| Percutaneous coronary intervention |
59 (27.4) |
543 (34.3)* |
233 (32.3) |
318 (35.3) |
602 (33.5) |
| Heart failure |
24 (11.2) |
170 (10.7) |
88 (12.2) |
84 (9.3) |
194 (10.8) |
| Valve (Repair) |
5 (31.2) |
36 (28.1) |
19 (31.1) |
13 (20.0) |
41 (28.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus |
68 (33.8) |
449 (31.1) |
235 (35.6)** |
234 (28.3) |
517 (31.5) |
| Family history of cardiovascular disease |
105 (67.3) |
749 (64.4) |
344 (65.3) |
428 (64.5) |
854 (64.7) |
| Hypertension |
139 (70.2) |
1100 (74.6) |
500 (74.4) |
615 (73.4) |
1239 (74.1) |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
145 (81.5) |
1139 (81.9) |
513 (81.6) |
657 (82.4) |
1284 (81.9) |
| Smoker |
13 (6.2) |
98 (6.4) |
55 (7.6)* |
44 (4.9) |
111 (6.4) |
| Comorbidities | 132 (67.0) | 982 (68.0) | 469 (71.2)* | 539 (65.6) | 1114 (67.8) |
*p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001.
SD standard deviation, SES socioeconomic status, CAD, Canadian dollar.