Table 5.
Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with and without nephrotoxicity
| |
Patients without nephrotoxicity (n = 76) |
Patients with nephrotoxicity (n = 26) |
P |
Patients without nephrotoxicity (n = 52) |
Patients with nephrotoxicity (n = 50) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Day 7 | EOT | |||||
| Age, years* |
66.5 (24–91) |
73 (41–84) |
0.036 |
65 (24–91) |
72.5 (30–87) |
0.016 |
| Male sex |
61 (80.3) |
18 (69.2) |
0.281 |
40 (76.9) |
39 (49.4) |
1 |
| Charlson Index* |
4.12 ± 2.58 |
5.5 ± 2.34 |
0.031 |
3.6 ± 2.4 |
5.36 ± 2.3 |
0.001 |
| APACHE II |
14.9 ± 6.4 |
14.8 ± 7 |
0,32 |
15.3 ± 6 |
14.2 ± 7 |
0,16 |
| Clinical status: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| - Severe sepsis |
39 (51.3) |
9 (34.6) |
0.175 |
24 (46.2) |
24 (48) |
1 |
| - Shock |
7 (9.2) |
1 (3.8) |
0.457 |
7 (13.5) |
1 (2) |
0.06 |
| Acute renal failure at baseline |
11 (14.5) |
4 (15.4) |
1 |
4 (7.7) |
11 (22) |
0.052 |
|
1CKD at baseline |
17 (22.3) |
6 (23) |
1 |
11 (21.15) |
12 (24) |
0.81 |
| Albumin* |
2.8 ± 0.62 |
2.5 ± 0.62 |
0.047 |
2.8 ± 0.62 |
2.6 ± 0.62 |
0.031 |
|
1BMI (Kg/m2)* |
25.6 ± 5.9 |
24.3 ± 5.03 |
0.26 |
25.2 ± 5 |
25.4 ± 6.35 |
0.75 |
|
3CMS total dose (MU)* |
35.1 ± 15.15 |
42 ± 15.84 |
0.06 |
97.3 ± 106.35 |
103.9 ± 78.5 |
0.047 |
| Duration of CMS treatment, days* |
|
|
|
18.7 ± 16.6 |
21.02 ± 14.42 |
0.047 |
|
4Cmin, mg/mL* |
0.78 (0.11-3.2) |
3.11 (0.45-5.99) |
<0.0001 |
0.7 (0.11-5.7) |
1.18 (0.16-5.99) |
<0.0001 |
|
5Cmax, mg/mL* |
0.78 (0.15-3) |
3.2 (0.68-6.62) |
<0.0001 |
0.74 (0.15-6.10) |
1.81 (0.16-6.62) |
<0.0001 |
| Concomitant aminoglycoside use |
24 (31.6) |
8 (30.8) |
1 |
16 (30.8) |
16 (32) |
1 |
| Concomitant vancomycin use |
8 (10.5) |
1 (3.8) |
0.442 |
3 (5.8) |
6 (12) |
0.314 |
| Concomitant 6NSAID use |
11 (14.5) |
4 (15.4) |
1 |
3 (5.8) |
12 (24) |
0.012 |
| Concomitant loop diuretic use |
31 (40.8) |
15 (57.7) |
0.172 |
16 (30.8) |
30 (60) |
0.005 |
| Other concomitant nephrotoxic drugs |
17 (22.4) |
4 (14.4) |
0.579 |
13 (25) |
8 (16) |
0.33 |
| ≥ 2 nephrotoxic drugs | 37 (48.7) | 13 (50) | 1 | 20 (38.5) | 30 (60) | 0.047 |
Data are n (%) except where indicated.
* Median (interquartile range).
** Mean ± SD.
1CKD: chronic kidney disease. 2BMI: body mass index. 3CMS:colistinmethanesulfonate sodium. 4Cmin: colistin trough plasma concentrations at steady state. 5Cmqx: colistin maximum plasma concentrations at steady state. 6NSAID: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.