Table 1.
Deltamethrin bioassay and AS-PCR results
|
Province |
Location |
Total |
Mortality |
Status |
n |
Total |
Genotype |
G Allele |
G Allele |
Fisher's exact test |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tested | (%) | PCR | V/V | V/G | G/G | 95% CI | P value (α = 0.05) | |||||
| Chiang Rai |
Chiang Rai City |
120 |
82.5 |
R |
21 |
21 |
10 |
10 |
1 |
0.286 |
[0.172, 0.436] |
0.00684 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
99 |
20 |
18 |
2 |
0 |
0.050 |
[0.138, 0.165] |
|
| Chiang Mai |
Mae Sun |
36 |
50.0 |
R |
18 |
17 |
1 |
11 |
5 |
0.618 |
[0.450, 0.761] |
0.02803 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
18 |
17 |
6 |
11 |
0 |
0.324 |
[0.191, 0.492] |
|
| Phayao |
Mae Jai |
109 |
85.3 |
R |
16 |
16 |
15 |
1 |
0 |
0.031 |
[0.055, 0.157] |
0.45710 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
93 |
19 |
19 |
0 |
0 |
0.000 |
[0.000, 0.918] |
|
| Chiang Mai |
Chiang Mai City |
538 |
75.7 |
R |
131 |
126 |
16 |
72 |
38 |
0.587 |
[0.526, 0.646] |
0.00000 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
407 |
255 |
128 |
120 |
7 |
0.263 |
[0.226, 0.303] |
|
| Lamphun |
Lamphun City |
99 |
66.7 |
R |
33 |
20 |
11 |
9 |
0 |
0.225 |
[0.123, 0.375] |
0.04763 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
66 |
20 |
18 |
2 |
0 |
0.050 |
[0.014, 0.165] |
|
| Lampang |
Lampang City |
100 |
79.0 |
R |
21 |
20 |
15 |
5 |
0 |
0.125 |
[0.055, 0.261] |
0.43150 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
79 |
20 |
18 |
2 |
0 |
0.050 |
[0.014, 0.165] |
|
| Mae Hong Son |
Mae Sariang |
99 |
89.9 |
R |
10 |
10 |
0 |
9 |
1 |
0.550 |
[0.342, 0.742] |
0.04266 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
89 |
20 |
10 |
10 |
0 |
0.250 |
[0.142, 0.402] |
|
| Tak |
Mae Sot |
159 |
80.5 |
R |
31 |
31 |
19 |
12 |
0 |
0.194 |
[0.114, 0.309] |
0.00448 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
128 |
40 |
37 |
3 |
0 |
0.038 |
[0.013, 0.105] |
|
| Khon Kaen |
Khon Kaen City |
205 |
77.1 |
R |
47 |
40 |
10 |
19 |
11 |
0.513 |
[0.405, 0.619] |
0.00000 |
| |
|
|
|
S |
158 |
40 |
25 |
15 |
0 |
0.188 |
[0.117, 0.287] |
|
| Total |
|
1465 |
77.6 |
R |
328 |
301 |
97 |
148 |
56 |
0.432 |
[0.393, 0.472] |
|
| S | 1137 | 451 | 279 | 165 | 7 | 0.198 | [0.174, 0.226] | |||||
A sample of the total number of deltamethrin tested mosquitoes (n) was used for PCR testing. Samples of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) mosquitoes were genotyped and mutant allele (G allele) frequencies calculated. Fisher’s exact test was used to test G allele frequency differences between S and R mosquitoes from each location. For X2 results on the overall population genotype and allele frequencies, see results section. Locations are listed in order from north to south.